Increasing incidence and risk factors for divergence insufficiency esotropia
Copyright © 2021 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..
PURPOSE: To document the increasing incidence of divergence insufficiency (DI) esotropia and to identify risk factors for DI.
METHODS: All patients with a diagnosis of esotropia seen by one provider (DLG) over 41 years were identified from the medical record. Patients with onset of strabismus before age 10 years or with prior strabismus surgery were excluded. Cases of esotropia associated with thyroid eye disease, scleral buckles, trauma, neurological diseases, or atypical misalignment were included but not labeled as DI regardless of the distance versus near deviation. The remaining patients, whatever the original diagnosis, were retrospectively categorized as having, or not having, DI, using a uniform criterion: distance esotropia ≥5Δ more than near esotropia.
RESULTS: The percentage of DI patients among acquired esotropia patients increased significantly between the first and second half of the 41-year period, from 11.8% to 29.4% (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression identified advancing age and the use of progressive addition lenses as risk factors for the development of DI.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of DI is increasing. DI's association with age and progressive addition lenses may help us to understand its etiology and to decrease the prevalence of this condition in the future.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:25 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus - 25(2021), 5 vom: 01. Okt., Seite 278.e1-278.e6 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Chen, Xinyi [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 13.12.2021 Date Revised 14.12.2021 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.jaapos.2021.05.013 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM33124506X |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Increasing incidence and risk factors for divergence insufficiency esotropia |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 13.12.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 14.12.2021 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2021 American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a PURPOSE: To document the increasing incidence of divergence insufficiency (DI) esotropia and to identify risk factors for DI | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: All patients with a diagnosis of esotropia seen by one provider (DLG) over 41 years were identified from the medical record. Patients with onset of strabismus before age 10 years or with prior strabismus surgery were excluded. Cases of esotropia associated with thyroid eye disease, scleral buckles, trauma, neurological diseases, or atypical misalignment were included but not labeled as DI regardless of the distance versus near deviation. The remaining patients, whatever the original diagnosis, were retrospectively categorized as having, or not having, DI, using a uniform criterion: distance esotropia ≥5Δ more than near esotropia | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: The percentage of DI patients among acquired esotropia patients increased significantly between the first and second half of the 41-year period, from 11.8% to 29.4% (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression identified advancing age and the use of progressive addition lenses as risk factors for the development of DI | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of DI is increasing. DI's association with age and progressive addition lenses may help us to understand its etiology and to decrease the prevalence of this condition in the future | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Marsh, Justin D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zafar, Sidra |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gerber, Elizabeth E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Guyton, David L |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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