A third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose in people receiving hemodialysis overcomes B cell defects but elicits a skewed CD4<sup>+</sup>T cell profile
ABSTRACT Cellular immune defects associated with suboptimal responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in people receiving hemodialysis (HD) are poorly understood. We longitudinally analyzed antibody, B cell, CD4+and CD8+T cell vaccine responses in 27 HD patients and 26 low-risk control individuals (CI). The first two doses elicit weaker B cell and CD8+T cell responses in HD than in CI, while CD4+T cell responses are quantitatively similar. In HD, a third dose robustly boosts B cell responses, leads to convergent CD8+T cell responses and enhances comparatively more Thelper (TH) immunity. Unsupervised clustering of single-cell features reveals phenotypic and functional shifts over time and between cohorts. The third dose attenuates some features of THcells in HD (TNFα/IL-2 skewing), while others (CCR6, CXCR6, PD-1 and HLA-DR overexpression) persist. Therefore, a third vaccine dose is critical to achieve robust multifaceted immunity in hemodialysis patients, although some distinct THcharacteristics endure..
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Preprint| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
bioRxiv.org - (2024) vom: 23. Apr. Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2024 |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| doi: |
10.1101/2022.09.05.506622 |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
XBI037233009 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A third SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine dose in people receiving hemodialysis overcomes B cell defects but elicits a skewed CD4<sup>+</sup>T cell profile |
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| 520 | |a ABSTRACT Cellular immune defects associated with suboptimal responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in people receiving hemodialysis (HD) are poorly understood. We longitudinally analyzed antibody, B cell, CD4+and CD8+T cell vaccine responses in 27 HD patients and 26 low-risk control individuals (CI). The first two doses elicit weaker B cell and CD8+T cell responses in HD than in CI, while CD4+T cell responses are quantitatively similar. In HD, a third dose robustly boosts B cell responses, leads to convergent CD8+T cell responses and enhances comparatively more Thelper (TH) immunity. Unsupervised clustering of single-cell features reveals phenotypic and functional shifts over time and between cohorts. The third dose attenuates some features of THcells in HD (TNFα/IL-2 skewing), while others (CCR6, CXCR6, PD-1 and HLA-DR overexpression) persist. Therefore, a third vaccine dose is critical to achieve robust multifaceted immunity in hemodialysis patients, although some distinct THcharacteristics endure. | ||
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