Invasive Mould Disease in Fatal COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Autopsies
Background Invasive mould disease (IMD) – most commonly pulmonary aspergillosis - is reported to affect up to a third of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Most reported cases are diagnosed with probable/putative COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) based on a combination of non-specific clinical, radiographic, and mycological findings, but the clinical significance – and whether these cases represent true invasive disease – is unresolved.Methods We performed a systematic review of autopsy series of decedents with COVID-19 for evidence of IMD. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, OVID (Embase) and MedRxiv for English- or French-language case series published between January 1, 2019 to September 26, 2020. We included series describing lung histology of ≥3 decedents, and authors were contacted for missing information as necessary.Findings We identified 51 case series describing autopsies of 702 decedents. Individual-level data was available for 430 decedents. The median age was 72 (IQR 61 to 80) years. Diabetes mellitus, pre-existing lung disease, and immunocompromising conditions were reported for 129 (32%), 95 (22%), and 25 (6%) decedents, respectively. The median hospitalization length was 10 (IQR 5-22) days. 51.6% of decedents had received mechanical ventilation for a median of nine (IQR 5-20) days. Treatment included immunomodulation in 60 (most often steroids or tocilizumab) and antifungals in 41 decedents. Eleven decedents (1·6%) had autopsy-confirmed IMD (6 with CAPA, 4 with invasive pulmonary mycosis not specified and 1 with disseminated mucormycosis). Among 173 decedents who received mechanical ventilation, 5 had IMD (2·9%).Interpretation Autopsy-proven IMD, including CAPA, is uncommon in fatal COVID-19.Funding This study is unfundedCategory Review.
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Preprint| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
bioRxiv.org - (2021) vom: 15. Dez. Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2021 |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Kula, Brittany E. [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| doi: |
10.1101/2021.01.13.21249761 |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
XBI019783760 |
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| 520 | |a Background Invasive mould disease (IMD) – most commonly pulmonary aspergillosis - is reported to affect up to a third of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Most reported cases are diagnosed with probable/putative COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) based on a combination of non-specific clinical, radiographic, and mycological findings, but the clinical significance – and whether these cases represent true invasive disease – is unresolved.Methods We performed a systematic review of autopsy series of decedents with COVID-19 for evidence of IMD. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, OVID (Embase) and MedRxiv for English- or French-language case series published between January 1, 2019 to September 26, 2020. We included series describing lung histology of ≥3 decedents, and authors were contacted for missing information as necessary.Findings We identified 51 case series describing autopsies of 702 decedents. Individual-level data was available for 430 decedents. The median age was 72 (IQR 61 to 80) years. Diabetes mellitus, pre-existing lung disease, and immunocompromising conditions were reported for 129 (32%), 95 (22%), and 25 (6%) decedents, respectively. The median hospitalization length was 10 (IQR 5-22) days. 51.6% of decedents had received mechanical ventilation for a median of nine (IQR 5-20) days. Treatment included immunomodulation in 60 (most often steroids or tocilizumab) and antifungals in 41 decedents. Eleven decedents (1·6%) had autopsy-confirmed IMD (6 with CAPA, 4 with invasive pulmonary mycosis not specified and 1 with disseminated mucormycosis). Among 173 decedents who received mechanical ventilation, 5 had IMD (2·9%).Interpretation Autopsy-proven IMD, including CAPA, is uncommon in fatal COVID-19.Funding This study is unfundedCategory Review | ||
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