Plant-microbe-mediated decrease of greenhouse gases under dynamic wetland hydrology
Abstract While wetlands represent a small fraction (∼5-10%) of the world’s land surface, it is estimated that one third of wetlands have been lost due to human activities. Wetland habitat loss decreases ecosystem benefits such as improving water quality and mitigating climate change. These microbially mediated functions are dependent on redox conditions, which are altered by soil hydrology and the presence of plants. In this study, we hypothesized that redox status due to continuous flooding would support greater abundance of microbial taxa involved in methanogenesis (obligate anaerobes), but plant-mediated oxygen transport would decrease methane emissions. Using a mesocosm design, we manipulated the duration of hydrologic conditions (i.e., stable dry, stable flooding, and alternating wet/dry) and presence of plants to induce soil redox changes in wetland soils. We measured soil redox status, used targeted amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing to characterize microbial communities, and measured greenhouse gas production to assess microbial function. Results showed that hydrologic history influenced microbial community composition while plant presence and hydrologic treatment altered microbial functional gene composition to a lesser degree. Plant presence decreased greenhouse gas production while differences in the community composition of functional genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, denitrification, and methanogenesis also explained variation in emissions of carbon dioxide and to a lesser extent, methane. While previous studies do not often include plants when assessing greenhouse gas emissions, this study highlights that plant-mediated decreases in greenhouse gas emissions are important and plant-mediated effects should be considered when estimating the carbon balance of ecosystems.Importance This study revealed that initial hydrologic conditions (compared to manipulated hydrology) strongly influenced microbial community composition more than function. Specifically, results showed that hydrology is a strong environmental filter that determines microbial taxonomic and functional community patterns, short-term redox changes that are most distinct from historic redox conditions shift microbial communities, and plant presence can stabilize redox shifts and mediate greenhouse gas production. These results highlight the importance of plant presence and the duration of flooding and drying periods to wetland greenhouse gas production..
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Preprint| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
bioRxiv.org - (2024) vom: 16. Apr. Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2024 |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Bledsoe, Regina B. [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
Volltext [kostenfrei] |
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| doi: |
10.1101/2020.06.29.178533 |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
XBI018243983 |
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| 520 | |a Abstract While wetlands represent a small fraction (∼5-10%) of the world’s land surface, it is estimated that one third of wetlands have been lost due to human activities. Wetland habitat loss decreases ecosystem benefits such as improving water quality and mitigating climate change. These microbially mediated functions are dependent on redox conditions, which are altered by soil hydrology and the presence of plants. In this study, we hypothesized that redox status due to continuous flooding would support greater abundance of microbial taxa involved in methanogenesis (obligate anaerobes), but plant-mediated oxygen transport would decrease methane emissions. Using a mesocosm design, we manipulated the duration of hydrologic conditions (i.e., stable dry, stable flooding, and alternating wet/dry) and presence of plants to induce soil redox changes in wetland soils. We measured soil redox status, used targeted amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequencing to characterize microbial communities, and measured greenhouse gas production to assess microbial function. Results showed that hydrologic history influenced microbial community composition while plant presence and hydrologic treatment altered microbial functional gene composition to a lesser degree. Plant presence decreased greenhouse gas production while differences in the community composition of functional genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, denitrification, and methanogenesis also explained variation in emissions of carbon dioxide and to a lesser extent, methane. While previous studies do not often include plants when assessing greenhouse gas emissions, this study highlights that plant-mediated decreases in greenhouse gas emissions are important and plant-mediated effects should be considered when estimating the carbon balance of ecosystems.Importance This study revealed that initial hydrologic conditions (compared to manipulated hydrology) strongly influenced microbial community composition more than function. Specifically, results showed that hydrology is a strong environmental filter that determines microbial taxonomic and functional community patterns, short-term redox changes that are most distinct from historic redox conditions shift microbial communities, and plant presence can stabilize redox shifts and mediate greenhouse gas production. These results highlight the importance of plant presence and the duration of flooding and drying periods to wetland greenhouse gas production. | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Finlay, Colin G. |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Peralta, Ariane L. |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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