Suppressive myeloid cells are a hallmark of severe COVID-19

Abstract ‘Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus-2’ (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a mild to moderate respiratory tract infection in the majority of patients. A subset of patients, however, progresses to severe disease and respiratory failure with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Severe COVID-19 has been associated with increased neutrophil counts and dysregulated immune responses. The mechanisms of protective immunity in mild forms and the pathogenesis of dysregulated inflammation in severe courses of COVID-19 remain largely unclear. Here, we combined two single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies and single-cell proteomics in whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to determine changes in immune cell composition and activation in two independent dual-center patient cohorts (n=46+n=54 COVID-19 samples), each with mild and severe cases of COVID-19. We observed a specific increase of HLA-DRhiCD11chiinflammatory monocytes that displayed a strong interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene signature in patients with mild COVID-19, which was absent in severe disease. Instead, we found evidence of emergency myelopoiesis, marked by the occurrence of immunosuppressive pre-neutrophils and immature neutrophils and populations of dysfunctional and suppressive mature neutrophils, as well as suppressive HLA-DRtomonocytes in severe COVID-19. Our study provides detailed insights into systemic immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and it reveals profound alterations in the peripheral myeloid cell compartment associated with severe courses of COVID-19..

Medienart:

Preprint

Erscheinungsjahr:

2023

Erschienen:

2023

Enthalten in:

bioRxiv.org - (2023) vom: 02. Okt. Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2023

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Schulte-Schrepping, Jonas [VerfasserIn]
Reusch, Nico [VerfasserIn]
Paclik, Daniela [VerfasserIn]
Baßler, Kevin [VerfasserIn]
Schlickeiser, Stephan [VerfasserIn]
Zhang, Bowen [VerfasserIn]
Krämer, Benjamin [VerfasserIn]
Krammer, Tobias [VerfasserIn]
Brumhard, Sophia [VerfasserIn]
Bonaguro, Lorenzo [VerfasserIn]
De Domenico, Elena [VerfasserIn]
Wendisch, Daniel [VerfasserIn]
Grasshoff, Martin [VerfasserIn]
Kapellos, Theodore S. [VerfasserIn]
Beckstette, Michael [VerfasserIn]
Pecht, Tal [VerfasserIn]
Saglam, Adem [VerfasserIn]
Dietrich, Oliver [VerfasserIn]
Mei, Henrik E. [VerfasserIn]
Schulz, Axel R. [VerfasserIn]
Conrad, Claudia [VerfasserIn]
Kunkel, Désirée [VerfasserIn]
Vafadarnejad, Ehsan [VerfasserIn]
Xu, Cheng-Jian [VerfasserIn]
Horne, Arik [VerfasserIn]
Herbert, Miriam [VerfasserIn]
Drews, Anna [VerfasserIn]
Thibeault, Charlotte [VerfasserIn]
Pfeiffer, Moritz [VerfasserIn]
Hippenstiel, Stefan [VerfasserIn]
Hocke, Andreas [VerfasserIn]
Müller-Redetzky, Holger [VerfasserIn]
Heim, Katrin-Moira [VerfasserIn]
Machleidt, Felix [VerfasserIn]
Uhrig, Alexander [VerfasserIn]
de Jarcy, Laure Bousquillon [VerfasserIn]
Jürgens, Linda [VerfasserIn]
Stegemann, Miriam [VerfasserIn]
Glösenkamp, Christoph R. [VerfasserIn]
Volk, Hans-Dieter [VerfasserIn]
Goffinet, Christine [VerfasserIn]
Raabe, Jan [VerfasserIn]
Kaiser, Kim Melanie [VerfasserIn]
Vinh, Michael To [VerfasserIn]
Rieke, Gereon [VerfasserIn]
Meisel, Christian [VerfasserIn]
Ulas, Thomas [VerfasserIn]
Becker, Matthias [VerfasserIn]
Geffers, Robert [VerfasserIn]
Witzenrath, Martin [VerfasserIn]
Drosten, Christian [VerfasserIn]
Suttorp, Norbert [VerfasserIn]
von Kalle, Christof [VerfasserIn]
Kurth, Florian [VerfasserIn]
Händler, Kristian [VerfasserIn]
Schultze, Joachim L. [VerfasserIn]
Aschenbrenner, Anna C [VerfasserIn]
Li, Yang [VerfasserIn]
Nattermann, Jacob [VerfasserIn]
Sawitzki, Birgit [VerfasserIn]
Saliba, Antoine-Emmanuel [VerfasserIn]
Sander, Leif Erik [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext [kostenfrei]

Themen:

570
Biology

doi:

10.1101/2020.06.03.20119818

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

XBI018075606