Pharmacokinetic profile of amoxicillin and its glucuronide‐like metabolite when administered subcutaneously to koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus)
Abstract Amoxicillin was administered as a single subcutaneous injection at 12.5 mg/kg to four koalas and changes in amoxicillin plasma concentrations over 24 hr were quantified. Amoxicillin had a relatively low average ± SD maximum plasma concentration ( C max) of 1.72 ± 0.47 µg/ml; at an average ± SD time to reach C max( T max) of 2.25 ± 1.26 hr, and an elimination half‐life of 4.38 ± 2.40 hr. The pharmacokinetic profile indicated relatively poor subcutaneous absorption. A metabolite was also identified, likely associated with glucuronic acid conjugation. Bacterial growth inhibition assays demonstrated that all plasma samples other than t = 0 hr, inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 to some extent. Calculated pharmacokinetic indices were used to predict whether this dose could attain a plasma concentration to inhibit some susceptible Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive pathogens. It was predicted that a twice daily dose of 12.5 mg/kg would be efficacious to inhibit susceptible bacteria with an amoxicillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≤ 0.75 µg/ml such as susceptible Bordetella bronchiseptica, E. coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. pathogens..
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2020 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
2020 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:43 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics - 43(2020), 2, Seite 115-122 |
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Kimble, Benjamin [VerfasserIn] |
|---|
| BKL: |
|---|
| Anmerkungen: |
Copyright 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd |
|---|
| Umfang: |
8 |
|---|
| doi: |
10.1111/jvp.12767 |
|---|
| funding: |
|
|---|---|
| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
|
| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
WLY00959468X |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000caa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | WLY00959468X | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20230307190752.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 230217s2020 xx |||||o 00| ||und c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1111/jvp.12767 |2 doi | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a JVP_JVP12767.xml |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)WLY00959468X | ||
| 035 | |a (WILEY)JVP12767 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rda | ||
| 082 | 0 | 4 | |a 630 |a 610 |q ASE |
| 084 | |a 46.14 |2 bkl | ||
| 084 | |a 44.38 |2 bkl | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Kimble, Benjamin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Pharmacokinetic profile of amoxicillin and its glucuronide‐like metabolite when administered subcutaneously to koalas ( Phascolarctos cinereus) |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2020 | |
| 300 | |a 8 | ||
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a Computermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Copyright 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd | ||
| 520 | |a Abstract Amoxicillin was administered as a single subcutaneous injection at 12.5 mg/kg to four koalas and changes in amoxicillin plasma concentrations over 24 hr were quantified. Amoxicillin had a relatively low average ± SD maximum plasma concentration ( C max) of 1.72 ± 0.47 µg/ml; at an average ± SD time to reach C max( T max) of 2.25 ± 1.26 hr, and an elimination half‐life of 4.38 ± 2.40 hr. The pharmacokinetic profile indicated relatively poor subcutaneous absorption. A metabolite was also identified, likely associated with glucuronic acid conjugation. Bacterial growth inhibition assays demonstrated that all plasma samples other than t = 0 hr, inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 to some extent. Calculated pharmacokinetic indices were used to predict whether this dose could attain a plasma concentration to inhibit some susceptible Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive pathogens. It was predicted that a twice daily dose of 12.5 mg/kg would be efficacious to inhibit susceptible bacteria with an amoxicillin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ≤ 0.75 µg/ml such as susceptible Bordetella bronchiseptica, E. coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. pathogens. | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Vogelnest, Larry |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gharibi, Soraya |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Izes, Aaron M. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Govendir, Merran |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics |g 43(2020), 2, Seite 115-122 |w (DE-627)WLY009594086 |x 13652885 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:43 |g year:2020 |g number:2 |g pages:115-122 |g extent:8 |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_WLY | ||
| 912 | |a SSG-OPC-PHA | ||
| 912 | |a SSG-OPC-ASE | ||
| 936 | b | k | |a 46.14 |q ASE |
| 936 | b | k | |a 44.38 |q ASE |
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 43 |j 2020 |e 2 |h 115-122 |g 8 | ||