Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titer after BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in Japanese patients who underwent renal replacement therapy, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation
Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination is recommended for patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT), including hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and kidney transplantation (KT). However, the difference in the immune response between RRT patients and healthy individuals after mRNA vaccines remains uncertain. Methods This retrospective observational study evaluated the anti-severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) IgG antibody acquisition, titers and their changes, normal response rate (reaching titers of healthy individuals), factors associated with a normal response, and effectiveness of booster vaccination in Japanese RRT patients. Results Most HD and PD patients acquired anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies after the second vaccination; however, their antibody titers and normal response rates (62–75%) were low compared with those of healthy subjects. Approximately 62% of KT recipients acquired antibodies, but the normal response rate was low (23%). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody waning occurred in the control, HD, and PD groups, while negative or very low titers remained in KT recipients. Third booster vaccination was effective in most HD and PD patients. However, the effect was mild in KT recipients – only 58% reached a normal response level. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that younger age, higher serum albumin level, and RRT other than KT were significantly associated with a normal response after the second vaccination. Conclusions RRT patients, particularly KT recipients, exhibited poor vaccine responses. Booster vaccination would be beneficial for HD and PD patients; however, its effect in KT recipients was mild. Further COVID-19 vaccinations using the latest vaccine or alternative procedures should be considered in RRT patients..
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:27 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Clinical and experimental nephrology - 27(2023), 8 vom: 24. Apr., Seite 660-671 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Iwabuchi, Ryohei [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
Volltext [lizenzpflichtig] |
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| Themen: |
COVID-19 |
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| Anmerkungen: |
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japanese Society of Nephrology 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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| doi: |
10.1007/s10157-023-02348-8 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 520 | |a Background Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination is recommended for patients undergoing renal replacement therapy (RRT), including hemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and kidney transplantation (KT). However, the difference in the immune response between RRT patients and healthy individuals after mRNA vaccines remains uncertain. Methods This retrospective observational study evaluated the anti-severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) IgG antibody acquisition, titers and their changes, normal response rate (reaching titers of healthy individuals), factors associated with a normal response, and effectiveness of booster vaccination in Japanese RRT patients. Results Most HD and PD patients acquired anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies after the second vaccination; however, their antibody titers and normal response rates (62–75%) were low compared with those of healthy subjects. Approximately 62% of KT recipients acquired antibodies, but the normal response rate was low (23%). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody waning occurred in the control, HD, and PD groups, while negative or very low titers remained in KT recipients. Third booster vaccination was effective in most HD and PD patients. However, the effect was mild in KT recipients – only 58% reached a normal response level. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that younger age, higher serum albumin level, and RRT other than KT were significantly associated with a normal response after the second vaccination. Conclusions RRT patients, particularly KT recipients, exhibited poor vaccine responses. Booster vaccination would be beneficial for HD and PD patients; however, its effect in KT recipients was mild. Further COVID-19 vaccinations using the latest vaccine or alternative procedures should be considered in RRT patients. | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Kidney transplantation | |
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