Adult snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, display body-wide exoskeletal resistance to the effects of long-term ocean acidification
Abstract Structural and mechanical properties of the decapod exoskeleton affect foraging, defense, and locomotion. Ocean acidification (OA) poses a threat to marine biomes and their inhabitants, particularly calcifying organisms. Vulnerability of the snow crab, Chionecetes opilio, a commercially important, high-latitude species, to OA has not been explored. Although all oceans are experiencing acidification, abiotic factors in high-latitude areas increase the rate of acidification. We examined the effect of long-term (2 year) exposure to decreased seawater pH (7.8 and 7.5, PCO2 ~ 760 and 1550 µatm, respectively) on exoskeletal properties in post-terminal-molt female C. opilio. Since the effects of OA vary among body regions in decapods, exoskeletal properties (microhardness, thickness, and elemental composition) were measured in five body regions: the carapace, both claws, and both third walking legs. Overall, adult C. opilio exoskeletons were robust to OA in all body regions. Decreased pH had no effect on microhardness or thickness of the exoskeleton, despite a slight (~ 6%) reduction in calcium content in crabs held at pH 7.5. In contrast, exoskeletal properties varied dramatically among body regions regardless of pH. The exoskeleton of the claws was harder, thicker, and contained more calcium but less magnesium than that of other body regions. Exoskeleton of the legs was thinner than that of other body regions and contained significantly greater magnesium concentrations (~ 2.5 times higher than the claws). Maintenance of exoskeletal properties after long-term OA exposure, at least down to pH 7.5, in adult C. opilio suggests that wild populations may tolerate future ocean pH conditions..
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Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:170 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Marine biology - 170(2023), 5 vom: 20. Apr. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Algayer, Tait [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
Volltext [lizenzpflichtig] |
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| Themen: |
Biomineralization |
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| Anmerkungen: |
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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| doi: |
10.1007/s00227-023-04209-0 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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OLC2134569794 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Adult snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, display body-wide exoskeletal resistance to the effects of long-term ocean acidification |
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| 520 | |a Abstract Structural and mechanical properties of the decapod exoskeleton affect foraging, defense, and locomotion. Ocean acidification (OA) poses a threat to marine biomes and their inhabitants, particularly calcifying organisms. Vulnerability of the snow crab, Chionecetes opilio, a commercially important, high-latitude species, to OA has not been explored. Although all oceans are experiencing acidification, abiotic factors in high-latitude areas increase the rate of acidification. We examined the effect of long-term (2 year) exposure to decreased seawater pH (7.8 and 7.5, PCO2 ~ 760 and 1550 µatm, respectively) on exoskeletal properties in post-terminal-molt female C. opilio. Since the effects of OA vary among body regions in decapods, exoskeletal properties (microhardness, thickness, and elemental composition) were measured in five body regions: the carapace, both claws, and both third walking legs. Overall, adult C. opilio exoskeletons were robust to OA in all body regions. Decreased pH had no effect on microhardness or thickness of the exoskeleton, despite a slight (~ 6%) reduction in calcium content in crabs held at pH 7.5. In contrast, exoskeletal properties varied dramatically among body regions regardless of pH. The exoskeleton of the claws was harder, thicker, and contained more calcium but less magnesium than that of other body regions. Exoskeleton of the legs was thinner than that of other body regions and contained significantly greater magnesium concentrations (~ 2.5 times higher than the claws). Maintenance of exoskeletal properties after long-term OA exposure, at least down to pH 7.5, in adult C. opilio suggests that wild populations may tolerate future ocean pH conditions. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Biomineralization | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Climate change | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cuticle | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Calcite | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Exoskeleton | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Crustacea | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microhardness | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mechanical properties | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mahmoud, Ahmed |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Saksena, Sanjana |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Long, W. Christopher |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Foy, Robert J. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Steffel, Brittan V. |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Aronson, Richard B. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Dickinson, Gary H. |0 (orcid)0000-0003-1073-1483 |4 aut | |
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