Long-term Consequences of COVID-19: Chemosensory Disorders
Purpose of Review A number of sequelae after acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly affect the quality of life of patients. The chemosensory disorders including olfactory dysfunction (OD) and gustatory dysfunction (GD) are two of the commonest symptoms complained by patients with COVID-19. Although chemosensory function has been reported improved in over 60% of COVID-19 patients in a short time after acute infection, it may last as a major symptom for patients with long COVID-19. This narrative review discussed current literatures on OD and GD in long COVID-19 including the prevalence, risk factors, possible mechanisms, and potential therapies. Recent Findings Although the prevalence of OD and GD has declined continuously after acute COVID-19, a considerable number of patients had persistent chemosensory disorders 3 months to 2 years after symptom onset. Female gender, initial severity of dysfunction, nasal congestion, emotional distress and depression, and SARS-CoV-2 variants have been identified as risk factors for persistent OD and GD in long COVID-19. The pathogenesis of OD and GD in long COVID-19 remains unknown, but may be analogous to the persistent OD and GD post common respiratory viral infection. Corticosteroids and olfactory training might be a potential choice regarding the treatment of lasting OD and GD after SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, more studies are needed to prove it. Summary OD and GD are common long-term consequences of COVID-19 and influenced by gender, initial severity of dysfunction, emotional distress and depression, and SARS-CoV-2 variants. More studies are needed to illustrate their pathogenesis and to establish therapeutic strategies..
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:23 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
Current allergy and asthma reports - 23(2022), 2 vom: 27. Dez., Seite 111-119 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Liao, Bo [VerfasserIn] |
|---|
| Links: |
Volltext [lizenzpflichtig] |
|---|
| Themen: |
Gustatory dysfunction |
|---|
| Anmerkungen: |
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
|---|
| doi: |
10.1007/s11882-022-01062-x |
|---|
| funding: |
|
|---|---|
| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
|
| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
OLC213386492X |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000naa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | OLC213386492X | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20230506154344.0 | ||
| 007 | tu | ||
| 008 | 230506s2022 xx ||||| 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1007/s11882-022-01062-x |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)OLC213386492X | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-He213)s11882-022-01062-x-p | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 082 | 0 | 4 | |a 610 |q VZ |
| 100 | 1 | |a Liao, Bo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Long-term Consequences of COVID-19: Chemosensory Disorders |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2022 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Band |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. | ||
| 520 | |a Purpose of Review A number of sequelae after acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) significantly affect the quality of life of patients. The chemosensory disorders including olfactory dysfunction (OD) and gustatory dysfunction (GD) are two of the commonest symptoms complained by patients with COVID-19. Although chemosensory function has been reported improved in over 60% of COVID-19 patients in a short time after acute infection, it may last as a major symptom for patients with long COVID-19. This narrative review discussed current literatures on OD and GD in long COVID-19 including the prevalence, risk factors, possible mechanisms, and potential therapies. Recent Findings Although the prevalence of OD and GD has declined continuously after acute COVID-19, a considerable number of patients had persistent chemosensory disorders 3 months to 2 years after symptom onset. Female gender, initial severity of dysfunction, nasal congestion, emotional distress and depression, and SARS-CoV-2 variants have been identified as risk factors for persistent OD and GD in long COVID-19. The pathogenesis of OD and GD in long COVID-19 remains unknown, but may be analogous to the persistent OD and GD post common respiratory viral infection. Corticosteroids and olfactory training might be a potential choice regarding the treatment of lasting OD and GD after SARS-CoV-2 infection; however, more studies are needed to prove it. Summary OD and GD are common long-term consequences of COVID-19 and influenced by gender, initial severity of dysfunction, emotional distress and depression, and SARS-CoV-2 variants. More studies are needed to illustrate their pathogenesis and to establish therapeutic strategies. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Olfactory dysfunction | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Gustatory dysfunction | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Recovery | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Long COVID-19 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Deng, Yi-Ke |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zeng, Ming |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Liu, Zheng |0 (orcid)0000-0002-4168-6702 |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Current allergy and asthma reports |d Springer US, 2001 |g 23(2022), 2 vom: 27. Dez., Seite 111-119 |w (DE-627)334293030 |w (DE-600)2057370-4 |x 1529-7322 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:23 |g year:2022 |g number:2 |g day:27 |g month:12 |g pages:111-119 |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-022-01062-x |z lizenzpflichtig |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a SYSFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_OLC | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 23 |j 2022 |e 2 |b 27 |c 12 |h 111-119 | ||