Carbon dioxide ($ CO_{2} $) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index
Background Research related to sustainable diets is is highly relevant to provide better understanding of the impact of dietary intake on the health and the environment. Aim To assess the association between the adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and the amount of $ CO_{2} $ emitted in an older adult population. Design and population Using a cross-sectional design, the association between the adherence to an energy-reduced Mediterranean Diet (erMedDiet) score and dietary $ CO_{2} $ emissions in 6646 participants was assessed. Methods Food intake and adherence to the erMedDiet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire and 17-item Mediterranean questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics were documented. Environmental impact was calculated through greenhouse gas emissions estimations, specifically $ CO_{2} $ emissions of each participant diet per day, using a European database. Participants were distributed in quartiles according to their estimated $ CO_{2} $ emissions expressed in kg/day: Q1 (≤2.01 kg $ CO_{2} $), Q2 (2.02-2.34 kg $ CO_{2} $), Q3 (2.35-2.79 kg $ CO_{2} $) and Q4 (≥2.80 kg $ CO_{2} $). Results More men than women induced higher dietary levels of $ CO_{2} $ emissions. Participants reporting higher consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole cereals, preferring white meat, and having less consumption of red meat were mostly emitting less kg of $ CO_{2} $ through diet. Participants with higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet showed lower odds for dietary $ CO_{2} $ emissions: Q2 (OR 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-1.00), Q3 (OR 0.69; 95%CI: 0.69-0.79) and Q4 (OR 0.48; 95%CI: 0.42-0.55) vs Q1 (reference). Conclusions The Mediterranean diet can be environmentally protective since the higher the adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the lower total dietary $ CO_{2} $ emissions. Mediterranean Diet index may be used as a pollution level index..
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:22 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Environmental health - 22(2023), 1 vom: 05. Jan. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Links: |
Volltext [kostenfrei] |
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| Themen: |
Carbon dioxide |
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| Anmerkungen: |
© The Author(s) 2023 |
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| doi: |
10.1186/s12940-022-00956-7 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
OLC2133249389 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Carbon dioxide ($ CO_{2} $) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index |
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| 520 | |a Background Research related to sustainable diets is is highly relevant to provide better understanding of the impact of dietary intake on the health and the environment. Aim To assess the association between the adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and the amount of $ CO_{2} $ emitted in an older adult population. Design and population Using a cross-sectional design, the association between the adherence to an energy-reduced Mediterranean Diet (erMedDiet) score and dietary $ CO_{2} $ emissions in 6646 participants was assessed. Methods Food intake and adherence to the erMedDiet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire and 17-item Mediterranean questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics were documented. Environmental impact was calculated through greenhouse gas emissions estimations, specifically $ CO_{2} $ emissions of each participant diet per day, using a European database. Participants were distributed in quartiles according to their estimated $ CO_{2} $ emissions expressed in kg/day: Q1 (≤2.01 kg $ CO_{2} $), Q2 (2.02-2.34 kg $ CO_{2} $), Q3 (2.35-2.79 kg $ CO_{2} $) and Q4 (≥2.80 kg $ CO_{2} $). Results More men than women induced higher dietary levels of $ CO_{2} $ emissions. Participants reporting higher consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole cereals, preferring white meat, and having less consumption of red meat were mostly emitting less kg of $ CO_{2} $ through diet. Participants with higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet showed lower odds for dietary $ CO_{2} $ emissions: Q2 (OR 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-1.00), Q3 (OR 0.69; 95%CI: 0.69-0.79) and Q4 (OR 0.48; 95%CI: 0.42-0.55) vs Q1 (reference). Conclusions The Mediterranean diet can be environmentally protective since the higher the adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the lower total dietary $ CO_{2} $ emissions. Mediterranean Diet index may be used as a pollution level index. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Greenhouse gas emissions | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mediterranean diet | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Carbon dioxide | |
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