Electrochemical exfoliation of graphite from pencil lead to graphene sheets: a feasible and cost-effective strategy to improve ciprofloxacin sensing

In this study, we investigated the effects of electrochemical treatment based on cyclic voltammetry (100 cycles with a scan rate of 1 V $ s^{−1} $) on pencil graphite electrode (PGE), using different supporting electrolytes compositions (NaOH, $ HNO_{3} $, and KCl all in 0.1 mol $ L^{−1} $). Electrochemically treated electrodes (ePGE) were properly characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-Ray powder diffraction revealing that the proposed strategy provided an efficient exfoliation of graphene sheets on the electrode surface. Additionally, the ePGE showed a 43-fold increase in the electroanalytical response to ciprofloxacin (CIP) when compared to the untreated electrode. The sensor showed excellent analytical performance with a low detection limit (0.35 µmol $ L^{−1} $), wide working linear range (from 5 to 100 µmol $ L^{−1} $), and adequate precision (RSD < 3.5%). In addition, the sensor provided adequate selectivity about other classes of antibiotics, and when applied to spiked samples, recovery values between 80 and 104% were obtained, which demonstrated satisfactory accuracy, as well as the absence of matrix effect. Thus, the electrochemical treatment provided a simple, fast, and affordable protocol to improve the electrochemical properties of PGE, making it a powerful tool for the investigation of other carbon-based substrates. Graphical abstract.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2022

Erschienen:

2022

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:53

Enthalten in:

Journal of applied electrochemistry - 53(2022), 1 vom: 16. Sept., Seite 39-48

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Alves, Guilherme Figueira [VerfasserIn]
de Faria, Lucas Vinícius [VerfasserIn]
Lisboa, Thalles Pedrosa [VerfasserIn]
Matos, Maria Auxiliadora Costa [VerfasserIn]
Matos, Renato Camargo [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext [lizenzpflichtig]

BKL:

35.14$jElektrochemie

Themen:

Antibiotics
Cyclic voltammetry
Electrochemical treatment
Fluoroquinolones
Pencil graphite electrodes

Anmerkungen:

© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

doi:

10.1007/s10800-022-01755-1

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

OLC2133219242

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