$ Co_{3} $$ O_{4} $ Reduction Behavior in the Gas Atmosphere Generated by Waste Polyethylene Pyrolysis: Effects of Temperature, Time, Heating Rate and Reactant Ratio
The present study aimed to investigate $ Co_{3} $$ O_{4} $ reduction behavior in the gas atmosphere generated by waste polyethylene (PE) pyrolysis. Effects of temperature, time, heating rate, waste quantity, and reactant ratio (mwaste/mCo3O4) on the extents of oxide reduction and PE pyrolysis were studied to determine the optimal condition for single phase Co formation, and to shed light on the reduction and pyrolysis processes. Thermodynamic analyses indicated that $ Co_{3} $$ O_{4} $ was reduced to Co by the gaseous agents ($ H_{2} $, $ C_{x} $$ H_{y} $) derived from PE in the temperature range 650–900 K. It was found that increasing the reactant ratio, the isothermal holding time and the temperature resulted in increases in the extent of the oxide reduction owing to enhanced waste pyrolysis. The full oxide reduction was attained at the reactant ratio of about 1, when the reactants were simultaneously heated to 800–900 K. In addition, non-isothermal heating followed by isothermal holding at 750 K for 60 min yielded single phase Co. The oxide reduction occurred in the order of $ Co_{3} $$ O_{4} $ > CoO > Co. There is a discrepancy between the experiments and thermodynamics partly due to the open-flow reactor, and partly due to sluggish reaction kinetics and non-isothermal heating which leads to the different pyrolytic gas composition. The octahedral shaped oxide particles were transformed into the spongy metal particles possibly owing to the formations of vacancies and cracks during the oxide reduction. Graphical Abstract.
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2022 |
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| Erschienen: |
2022 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:8 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of sustainable metallurgy - 8(2022), 4 vom: 21. Okt., Seite 1841-1852 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Cumbul Altay, M. [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
Volltext [lizenzpflichtig] |
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| BKL: | |
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| Themen: |
Co powder |
| Anmerkungen: |
© The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society 2022 |
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| doi: |
10.1007/s40831-022-00609-6 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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OLC2080130439 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a $ Co_{3} $$ O_{4} $ Reduction Behavior in the Gas Atmosphere Generated by Waste Polyethylene Pyrolysis: Effects of Temperature, Time, Heating Rate and Reactant Ratio |
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| 520 | |a The present study aimed to investigate $ Co_{3} $$ O_{4} $ reduction behavior in the gas atmosphere generated by waste polyethylene (PE) pyrolysis. Effects of temperature, time, heating rate, waste quantity, and reactant ratio (mwaste/mCo3O4) on the extents of oxide reduction and PE pyrolysis were studied to determine the optimal condition for single phase Co formation, and to shed light on the reduction and pyrolysis processes. Thermodynamic analyses indicated that $ Co_{3} $$ O_{4} $ was reduced to Co by the gaseous agents ($ H_{2} $, $ C_{x} $$ H_{y} $) derived from PE in the temperature range 650–900 K. It was found that increasing the reactant ratio, the isothermal holding time and the temperature resulted in increases in the extent of the oxide reduction owing to enhanced waste pyrolysis. The full oxide reduction was attained at the reactant ratio of about 1, when the reactants were simultaneously heated to 800–900 K. In addition, non-isothermal heating followed by isothermal holding at 750 K for 60 min yielded single phase Co. The oxide reduction occurred in the order of $ Co_{3} $$ O_{4} $ > CoO > Co. There is a discrepancy between the experiments and thermodynamics partly due to the open-flow reactor, and partly due to sluggish reaction kinetics and non-isothermal heating which leads to the different pyrolytic gas composition. The octahedral shaped oxide particles were transformed into the spongy metal particles possibly owing to the formations of vacancies and cracks during the oxide reduction. Graphical Abstract | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Oxide reduction | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Co powder | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Polymer pyrolysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Waste polyethylene | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Thermodynamic analysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pyrometallurgy | |
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