Biochar in Combination with Nitrogen Fertilizer is a Technique: To Enhance Physiological and Morphological Traits of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Improving Soil Physio-biochemical Properties
Abstract The over use of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers is the major anthropogenic cause of low N-use efficiency and environmental damage in wetland rice production. Biochar (B) addition to soil is suggested as a climate change mitigation tool that supports carbon sequestration and reduces N losses and greenhouse gas emissions from the soil. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of four levels of B (0, 10, 20 and 30 t $ ha^{−1} $) combined with two levels of N (135 and 180 kg $ ha^{−1} $) on soil health, roots dynamics, physiological attributes, and yield components of rice. The addition of B at 30 t $ ha^{−1} $ combined with 135 N kg $ ha^{−1} $ increased chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, biomass, and grain yield by 104%, 64%, 12%, and 30%, respectively, over control. Further, root traits such as total root length (TRL), total root volume (TRV), total root surface area (TRSA), and total average root diameter (TARD) were improved under 30 t $ ha^{−1} $ combined with 135 N kg $ ha^{−1} $ by 20%, 13%, 13%, and 25%, respectively, than non-biochar treatment under lower N application. Improvements in these traits resulted from higher N uptake due to improved soil physiochemical properties and soil microbial biomass combined with biochar. Interestingly, enhanced N metabolizing enzyme activities, including nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT) in biochar-treated plots, further supported the increases in these traits. Our results revealed that the integration of 30 t B $ ha^{−1} $ with 135 kg N $ ha^{−1} $ is a favorable option for enhancing soil health and rice grain yield..
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2021 |
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| Erschienen: |
2021 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:41 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of plant growth regulation - 41(2021), 6 vom: 27. Juli, Seite 2406-2420 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ali, Izhar [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
Volltext [lizenzpflichtig] |
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| Themen: |
Biochar |
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| Anmerkungen: |
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021 |
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| doi: |
10.1007/s00344-021-10454-8 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Biochar in Combination with Nitrogen Fertilizer is a Technique: To Enhance Physiological and Morphological Traits of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) by Improving Soil Physio-biochemical Properties |
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| 520 | |a Abstract The over use of synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizers is the major anthropogenic cause of low N-use efficiency and environmental damage in wetland rice production. Biochar (B) addition to soil is suggested as a climate change mitigation tool that supports carbon sequestration and reduces N losses and greenhouse gas emissions from the soil. Therefore, this study assessed the effect of four levels of B (0, 10, 20 and 30 t $ ha^{−1} $) combined with two levels of N (135 and 180 kg $ ha^{−1} $) on soil health, roots dynamics, physiological attributes, and yield components of rice. The addition of B at 30 t $ ha^{−1} $ combined with 135 N kg $ ha^{−1} $ increased chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, biomass, and grain yield by 104%, 64%, 12%, and 30%, respectively, over control. Further, root traits such as total root length (TRL), total root volume (TRV), total root surface area (TRSA), and total average root diameter (TARD) were improved under 30 t $ ha^{−1} $ combined with 135 N kg $ ha^{−1} $ by 20%, 13%, 13%, and 25%, respectively, than non-biochar treatment under lower N application. Improvements in these traits resulted from higher N uptake due to improved soil physiochemical properties and soil microbial biomass combined with biochar. Interestingly, enhanced N metabolizing enzyme activities, including nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamine oxoglutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT) in biochar-treated plots, further supported the increases in these traits. Our results revealed that the integration of 30 t B $ ha^{−1} $ with 135 kg N $ ha^{−1} $ is a favorable option for enhancing soil health and rice grain yield. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Biochar | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microbial biomass | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nitrogen metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rice | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Root system | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Soil organic carbon | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhao, Quan |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wu, Ke |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ullah, Saif |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Iqbal, Anas |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Liang, He |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Jing |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Muhammad, Ihsan |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Khan, Abdullah |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Khan, Asad Ali |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jiang, Ligeng |4 aut | |
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