Is the Arctic Surface Layer a Source and Sink of NOx in Winter/Spring?
Abstract Measurements of $ NO_{x} $ (NO +$ NO_{2} $) and the sum of reactive nitrogenconstituents, $ NO_{y} $, were made near the surface atAlert (82.5°N), Canada during March and April1998. In early March when solar insolation was absentor very low, $ NO_{x} $ mixing ratios were frequentlynear zero. After polar sunrise when the sun was abovethe horizon for much or all of the day a diurnalvariation in $ NO_{x} $ and $ NO_{y} $ was observed withamplitudes as large as 30–40 pptv. The source ofactive nitrogen is attributed to release from the snowsurface by a process that is apparently sensitized bysunlight. If the source from the snowpack is a largescale feature of the Arctic then the diurnal trendsalso require a competing process for removal to thesurface. From the diurnal change in the NO/$ NO_{2} $ratio, mid-April mixing ratios for the sum of peroxyand halogen oxide radicals of ≤10 pptv werederived for periods when ozone mixing ratios were inthe normal range of 30–50 ppbv. Mid-day ozoneproduction and loss rates with the active nitrogensource were estimated to be ∼1–2 ppbv/day and in nearbalance. $ NO_{y} $ mixing ratios which averaged only295±66 pptv do not support a large accumulation inthe high Arctic surface layer in the winter and springof 1998. The small abundance of $ NO_{y} $ relative tothe elevated mixing ratios of other long-livedanthropogenic constituents requires that reactivenitrogen be removed to the surface during transport toor during residence within the high Arctic..
| Medienart: |
Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2000 |
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| Erschienen: |
2000 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:36 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of atmospheric chemistry - 36(2000), 1 vom: Mai, Seite 1-22 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ridley, B. [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
Volltext [lizenzpflichtig] |
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| Anmerkungen: |
© Kluwer Academic Publishers 2000 |
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| doi: |
10.1023/A:1006301029874 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
OLC2061773990 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Is the Arctic Surface Layer a Source and Sink of NOx in Winter/Spring? |
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| 520 | |a Abstract Measurements of $ NO_{x} $ (NO +$ NO_{2} $) and the sum of reactive nitrogenconstituents, $ NO_{y} $, were made near the surface atAlert (82.5°N), Canada during March and April1998. In early March when solar insolation was absentor very low, $ NO_{x} $ mixing ratios were frequentlynear zero. After polar sunrise when the sun was abovethe horizon for much or all of the day a diurnalvariation in $ NO_{x} $ and $ NO_{y} $ was observed withamplitudes as large as 30–40 pptv. The source ofactive nitrogen is attributed to release from the snowsurface by a process that is apparently sensitized bysunlight. If the source from the snowpack is a largescale feature of the Arctic then the diurnal trendsalso require a competing process for removal to thesurface. From the diurnal change in the NO/$ NO_{2} $ratio, mid-April mixing ratios for the sum of peroxyand halogen oxide radicals of ≤10 pptv werederived for periods when ozone mixing ratios were inthe normal range of 30–50 ppbv. Mid-day ozoneproduction and loss rates with the active nitrogensource were estimated to be ∼1–2 ppbv/day and in nearbalance. $ NO_{y} $ mixing ratios which averaged only295±66 pptv do not support a large accumulation inthe high Arctic surface layer in the winter and springof 1998. The small abundance of $ NO_{y} $ relative tothe elevated mixing ratios of other long-livedanthropogenic constituents requires that reactivenitrogen be removed to the surface during transport toor during residence within the high Arctic. | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Walega, J. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Montzka, D. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Grahek, F. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Atlas, E. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Flocke, F. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stroud, V. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Deary, J. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gallant, A. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Boudries, H. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bottenheim, J. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Anlauf, K. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Worthy, D. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sumner, A. L. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Splawn, B. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shepson, P. |4 aut | |
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