Neutrophil activation during septic shock

ABSTRACTIn addition to their well-known role as the cellular mediators of immunity, key other roles have been identified for neutrophils during septic shock. Importantly, neutrophils indeed play a critical role in the recently described immunothrombosis concept and in septic shock-induced coagulopathy. Septic shock is one of the most severe forms of infection, characterized by an inadequate host response to the pathogenic organism. This host response involves numerous defense mechanisms with an intense cellular activation, including neutrophil activation. Neutrophils are key cells of innate immunity through complex neutrophil-leukocyte interactions, and their activation may participate to systemic tissue damages. Their activation also leads to the emission of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which take part both in pathogen circumscription and phagocytosis, but also in coagulation activation. Neutrophils thus stand at the interface between hemostasis and immunity, called immunothrombosis.The present review will thus develop a cellular approach of septic shock pathophysiology focusing on neutrophils as key players of septic shock-induced vascular cell dysfunction and of the host response, associating immunity and hemostasis. We will therefore first develop the role of neutrophils in the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity, and will then highlight recent advances in our understanding of immunothrombosis septic shock-induced coagulopathy..

Medienart:	Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:	2017
Erschienen:	2017

Enthalten in:	Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2017
Enthalten in:	Shock - (2017)

Sprache:	Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:	Stiel, Laure [VerfasserIn] Meziani, Ferhat [Sonstige Person] Helms, Julie [Sonstige Person]

Links:	Volltext

doi:	10.1097/SHK.0000000000000980

funding:
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PPN (Katalog-ID):	OLC1998337553