Examining the Potential of Pharmacies to Expand Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Access Along Georgia's Fixed-Route Public Transit : A Geospatial Analysis
Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc..
BACKGROUND: Despite accounting for more than half of new Human Immunodeficiency Virus diagnoses in the United States, the South has fewer than 30% of all pre-exposure prophylaxis users. Pre-exposure prophylaxis access geospatial analyses have focused on drive time but analyses along public transit routes have not been evaluated. Given the proximity to pharmacists and pharmacies, involvement in pre-exposure prophylaxis services may increase access and uptake of this preventative health need.
OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to compare the rate of pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake between Georgia counties with and without public transit, to assess the geospatial accessibility of services along public transit, and to evaluate the potential impact of expanding pre-exposure prophylaxis services to community pharmacies.
METHODS: Pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake rates between counties with and without public transit were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Geospatial analysis was performed using ArcGIS Pro and Geoda. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake rates and population and county characteristics. Spatial analysis was completed to uncover predictors for pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake rates. Increased access to pre-exposure prophylaxis along public transit was calculated by reporting the number of counties that would experience at least a 50% increase in pre-exposure prophylaxis access through community pharmacies.
RESULTS: Pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake is significantly higher in Georgia counties with versus without public transit (P < 0.001). Pre-exposure prophylaxis rate is positively correlated with the accessibility of community pharmacies and pre-exposure prophylaxis clinics along fixed-route public transit (R2 = 0.524). Among pre-exposure prophylaxis clinics, 44% are inaccessible by public transit alone. Community pharmacies are significantly more widely distributed and accessible along public transit routes than pre-exposure prophylaxis clinics.
CONCLUSION: Transportation remains a barrier to accessing pre-exposure prophylaxis. Georgia community pharmacies along public transit may serve as a solution to pre-exposure prophylaxis care access barriers.
Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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Erschienen: |
2024 |
Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2024 |
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Enthalten in: |
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA - (2024) vom: 05. Apr., Seite 102087 |
Sprache: |
Englisch |
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Beteiligte Personen: |
Gomez, Bryan [VerfasserIn] |
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Links: |
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Themen: |
Collaborative practice |
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Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 07.04.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status Publisher |
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doi: |
10.1016/j.japh.2024.102087 |
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funding: |
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Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM370731182 |
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520 | |a Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc. | ||
520 | |a BACKGROUND: Despite accounting for more than half of new Human Immunodeficiency Virus diagnoses in the United States, the South has fewer than 30% of all pre-exposure prophylaxis users. Pre-exposure prophylaxis access geospatial analyses have focused on drive time but analyses along public transit routes have not been evaluated. Given the proximity to pharmacists and pharmacies, involvement in pre-exposure prophylaxis services may increase access and uptake of this preventative health need | ||
520 | |a OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to compare the rate of pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake between Georgia counties with and without public transit, to assess the geospatial accessibility of services along public transit, and to evaluate the potential impact of expanding pre-exposure prophylaxis services to community pharmacies | ||
520 | |a METHODS: Pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake rates between counties with and without public transit were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Geospatial analysis was performed using ArcGIS Pro and Geoda. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake rates and population and county characteristics. Spatial analysis was completed to uncover predictors for pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake rates. Increased access to pre-exposure prophylaxis along public transit was calculated by reporting the number of counties that would experience at least a 50% increase in pre-exposure prophylaxis access through community pharmacies | ||
520 | |a RESULTS: Pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake is significantly higher in Georgia counties with versus without public transit (P < 0.001). Pre-exposure prophylaxis rate is positively correlated with the accessibility of community pharmacies and pre-exposure prophylaxis clinics along fixed-route public transit (R2 = 0.524). Among pre-exposure prophylaxis clinics, 44% are inaccessible by public transit alone. Community pharmacies are significantly more widely distributed and accessible along public transit routes than pre-exposure prophylaxis clinics | ||
520 | |a CONCLUSION: Transportation remains a barrier to accessing pre-exposure prophylaxis. Georgia community pharmacies along public transit may serve as a solution to pre-exposure prophylaxis care access barriers | ||
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700 | 1 | |a Johnson, Blake R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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