Impact of consuming an environmentally protective diet on micronutrients : a systematic literature review

Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..

BACKGROUND: A global move toward consumption of diets from sustainable sources is required to protect planetary health. As this dietary transition will result in greater reliance on plant-based protein sources, the impact on micronutrient (MN) intakes and status is unknown.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the evidence of effects on intakes and status of selected MNs resulting from changes in dietary intakes to reduce environmental impact. Selected MNs of public health concern were vitamins A, D, and B12, folate, calcium, iron, iodine, and zinc.

METHODS: We systematically searched 7 databases from January 2011 to October 2022 and followed the PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies had to report individual MN intake and/or status data collected in free-living individuals from the year 2000 onward and environmental outcomes.

RESULTS: From the 10,965 studies identified, 56 studies were included, mostly from high-income countries (n = 49). Iron (all 56) and iodine (n = 20) were the most and least reported MNs, respectively. There was one randomized controlled trial (RCT) that also provided the only biomarker data, 10 dietary intake studies, and 45 dietary modeling studies, including 29 diet optimization studies. Most studies sought to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or intake of animal-sourced foods. Most results suggested that intakes of zinc, calcium, iodine, and vitamins B12, A, and D would decrease, and total iron and folate would increase in a dietary transition to reduce environmental impacts. Risk of inadequate intakes of zinc, calcium, vitamins A, B12 and D were more likely to increase in the 10 studies that reported nutrient adequacy. Diet optimization (n = 29) demonstrated that meeting nutritional and environmental targets is technically feasible, although acceptability is not guaranteed.

CONCLUSIONS: Lower intakes and status of MNs of public health concern are a potential outcome of dietary changes to reduce environmental impacts. Adequate consideration of context and nutritional requirements is required to develop evidence-based recommendations. This study was registered prospectively with PROSPERO (CRD42021239713).

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2024

Erschienen:

2024

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:119

Enthalten in:

The American journal of clinical nutrition - 119(2024), 4 vom: 02. Apr., Seite 927-948

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Leonard, Ursula M [VerfasserIn]
Leydon, Clarissa L [VerfasserIn]
Arranz, Elena [VerfasserIn]
Kiely, Mairead E [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

935E97BOY8
9679TC07X4
Calcium
Calcium, Dietary
Dietary change
Dietary intake
E1UOL152H7
Environmental impact
Folic Acid
Iodine
Iron
J41CSQ7QDS
Journal Article
Micronutrients
Nutritional status
Public health
SY7Q814VUP
Sustainable diets
Systematic Review
Vitamins
Zinc

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 05.04.2024

Date Revised 17.04.2024

published: Print-Electronic

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.01.014

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM370592085