Long-term dynamics of natural killer cells in response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination : Persistently enhanced activity postvaccination
© 2024 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC..
Natural Killer (NK) cells play a significant role in the early defense against virus infections and cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of NK cells in both the induction and effector phases of vaccine-induced immunity in various contexts. However, their role in shaping immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination remains poorly understood. To address this matter, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of NK cell phenotype and function in SARS-CoV-2 unexposed individuals who received the BNT162b2 vaccine. We employed a longitudinal study design and utilized a panel of 53 15-mer overlapping peptides covering the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein to assess NK cell function at 0 and 20 days following the first vaccine, and 30 and 240 days following booster. Additionally, we evaluated the levels of total IgG anti-Spike antibodies and their potential neutralizing ability. Our findings revealed an increased NK cell activity upon re-exposure to RBD when combined with IL12 and IL18 several months after booster. Concurrently, we observed that the frequencies of NKG2A + NK cells declined over the course of the follow-up period, while NKG2C increased only in CMV positive subjects. The finding that NK cell functions are inducible 9 months after vaccination upon re-exposure to RBD and cytokines, sheds light on the role of NK cells in contributing to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced immune protection and pave the way to further studies in the field.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:96 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of medical virology - 96(2024), 4 vom: 16. Apr., Seite e29585 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Mele, Dalila [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 04.04.2024 Date Revised 04.04.2024 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1002/jmv.29585 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Long-term dynamics of natural killer cells in response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination |b Persistently enhanced activity postvaccination |
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| 520 | |a © 2024 The Authors. Journal of Medical Virology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. | ||
| 520 | |a Natural Killer (NK) cells play a significant role in the early defense against virus infections and cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of NK cells in both the induction and effector phases of vaccine-induced immunity in various contexts. However, their role in shaping immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination remains poorly understood. To address this matter, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of NK cell phenotype and function in SARS-CoV-2 unexposed individuals who received the BNT162b2 vaccine. We employed a longitudinal study design and utilized a panel of 53 15-mer overlapping peptides covering the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein to assess NK cell function at 0 and 20 days following the first vaccine, and 30 and 240 days following booster. Additionally, we evaluated the levels of total IgG anti-Spike antibodies and their potential neutralizing ability. Our findings revealed an increased NK cell activity upon re-exposure to RBD when combined with IL12 and IL18 several months after booster. Concurrently, we observed that the frequencies of NKG2A + NK cells declined over the course of the follow-up period, while NKG2C increased only in CMV positive subjects. The finding that NK cell functions are inducible 9 months after vaccination upon re-exposure to RBD and cytokines, sheds light on the role of NK cells in contributing to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced immune protection and pave the way to further studies in the field | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Lombardi, Andrea |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Conteianni, Daniela |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bandera, Alessandra |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Oliviero, Barbara |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mantovani, Stefania |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Cassaniti, Irene |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Baldanti, Fausto |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gori, Andrea |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mondelli, Mario U |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Varchetta, Stefania |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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