A Complex Pattern of Gene Expression in Tissue Affected by Viperid Snake Envenoming : The Emerging Role of Autophagy-Related Genes

Viperid snake venoms induce severe tissue damage, characterized by the direct toxic action of venom components, i.e., phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) and metalloproteinases (SVMPs), concomitantly with the onset of endogenous inflammatory processes, in an intricate scenario of tissue alterations. Understanding the expression of relevant genes in muscle tissue will provide valuable insights into the undergoing pathological and inflammatory processes. In this study, we have used the Nanostring technology to evaluate the patterns of gene expression in mouse skeletal muscle 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h after injection of the venoms of Bothrops asper and Daboia russelii, two medically relevant species in Latin America and Asia, respectively, with somewhat different clinical manifestations. The dose of venoms injected (30 µg) induced local pathological effects and inflammation in muscle tissue. We focused our analysis on genes related to extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism, immune system, programmed cell death, and autophagy. The results revealed a complex pattern of expression of genes. Regarding ECM metabolism and regulation, up-regulated genes included proteinase inhibitor Serpine 1, thrombospondin 1, collagens 1A1 and 4A1 (at 1 h in the case of B. asper), TIMP1, MMP-3 (at 24 h), and lysil oxidase (LOX). In contrast, collagen chains 5A3 and 5A1 were down-regulated, especially at 6 h. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and several genes related to myofibroblast regulation were also up-regulated, which might be related to the development of fibrosis. Several genes related to cytokine and chemokine synthesis and regulation and NFκB signaling were also up-regulated. Our observations show a variable expression of genes associated with programmed cell death and autophagy, thus revealing a hitherto unknown role of autophagy in tissue affected by snake venoms. These results provide clues to understanding the complex pattern of gene expression in tissue affected by viperid snake venoms, which likely impacts the final pathophysiology of damaged tissue in envenomings.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2024

Erschienen:

2024

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:14

Enthalten in:

Biomolecules - 14(2024), 3 vom: 26. Feb.

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Oliveira, Ana Karina de [VerfasserIn]
Rucavado, Alexandra [VerfasserIn]
Escalante, Teresa [VerfasserIn]
Gutiérrez, José María [VerfasserIn]
Fox, Jay W [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

9007-34-5
Antivenins
Autophagy
Bothrops asper
Collagen
Crotalid Venoms
Daboia russelii
Extracellular matrix
Gene expression
Immune microenvironment
Journal Article
Myonecrosis
Nanostring
Snake Venoms
Snake venom

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 29.03.2024

Date Revised 30.03.2024

published: Electronic

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.3390/biom14030278

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM370302435