Inhibition of JAK-STAT pathway corrects salivary gland inflammation and interferon driven immune activation in Sjögren's disease
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ..
OBJECTIVES: Inflammatory cytokines that signal through the Janus kinases-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway, especially interferons (IFNs), are implicated in Sjögren's disease (SjD). Although inhibition of JAKs is effective in other autoimmune diseases, a systematic investigation of IFN-JAK-STAT signalling and the effect of JAK inhibitor (JAKi) therapy in SjD-affected human tissues has not been fully investigated.
METHODS: Human minor salivary glands (MSGs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were investigated using bulk or single-cell (sc) RNA sequencing (RNAseq), immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy and flow cytometry. Ex vivo culture assays on PBMCs and primary salivary gland epithelial cell (pSGEC) lines were performed to model changes in target tissues before and after JAKi.
RESULTS: RNAseq and IF showed activated JAK-STAT pathway in SjD MSGs. Elevated IFN-stimulated gene (ISGs) expression associated with clinical variables (eg, focus scores, anti-SSA positivity). scRNAseq of MSGs exhibited cell type-specific upregulation of JAK-STAT and ISGs; PBMCs showed similar trends, including markedly upregulated ISGs in monocytes. Ex vivo studies showed elevated basal pSTAT levels in SjD MSGs and PBMCs that were corrected with JAKi. SjD-derived pSGECs exhibited higher basal ISG expressions and exaggerated responses to IFN-β, which were normalised by JAKi without cytotoxicity.
CONCLUSIONS: SjD patients' tissues exhibit increased expression of ISGs and activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in a cell type-dependent manner. JAKi normalises this aberrant signalling at the tissue level and in PBMCs, suggesting a putative viable therapy for SjD, targeting both glandular and extraglandular symptoms. Predicated on these data, a phase Ib/IIa randomised controlled trial to treat SjD with tofacitinib was initiated.
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| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2024 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Annals of the rheumatic diseases - (2024) vom: 25. März |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Gupta, Sarthak [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Antirheumatic Agents |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 08.04.2024 published: Print-Electronic UpdateOf: medRxiv. 2023 Aug 21;:. - PMID 37662351 Citation Status Publisher |
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| doi: |
10.1136/ard-2023-224842 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Gupta, Sarthak |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Inhibition of JAK-STAT pathway corrects salivary gland inflammation and interferon driven immune activation in Sjögren's disease |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 08.04.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a UpdateOf: medRxiv. 2023 Aug 21;:. - PMID 37662351 | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status Publisher | ||
| 520 | |a © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVES: Inflammatory cytokines that signal through the Janus kinases-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway, especially interferons (IFNs), are implicated in Sjögren's disease (SjD). Although inhibition of JAKs is effective in other autoimmune diseases, a systematic investigation of IFN-JAK-STAT signalling and the effect of JAK inhibitor (JAKi) therapy in SjD-affected human tissues has not been fully investigated | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Human minor salivary glands (MSGs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were investigated using bulk or single-cell (sc) RNA sequencing (RNAseq), immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy and flow cytometry. Ex vivo culture assays on PBMCs and primary salivary gland epithelial cell (pSGEC) lines were performed to model changes in target tissues before and after JAKi | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: RNAseq and IF showed activated JAK-STAT pathway in SjD MSGs. Elevated IFN-stimulated gene (ISGs) expression associated with clinical variables (eg, focus scores, anti-SSA positivity). scRNAseq of MSGs exhibited cell type-specific upregulation of JAK-STAT and ISGs; PBMCs showed similar trends, including markedly upregulated ISGs in monocytes. Ex vivo studies showed elevated basal pSTAT levels in SjD MSGs and PBMCs that were corrected with JAKi. SjD-derived pSGECs exhibited higher basal ISG expressions and exaggerated responses to IFN-β, which were normalised by JAKi without cytotoxicity | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: SjD patients' tissues exhibit increased expression of ISGs and activation of the JAK-STAT pathway in a cell type-dependent manner. JAKi normalises this aberrant signalling at the tissue level and in PBMCs, suggesting a putative viable therapy for SjD, targeting both glandular and extraglandular symptoms. Predicated on these data, a phase Ib/IIa randomised controlled trial to treat SjD with tofacitinib was initiated | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Antirheumatic Agents | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Autoimmune Diseases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cytokines | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sjogren's Syndrome | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yamada, Eiko |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nakamura, Hiroyuki |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Perez, Paola |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pranzatelli, Thomas Jf |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Dominick, Kalie |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jang, Shyh-Ing |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Abed, Mehdi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Martin, Daniel |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Burbelo, Peter |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zheng, ChangYu |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a French, Ben |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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