Development and validation of claims-based algorithms for identifying hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and their severity in 2020 and 2021
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop and validate claims-based algorithms for identifying hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the disease severity.
METHODS: We used claims data including all patients at the National Center for Global and Medicine Hospital between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021. The claims-based algorithms for three statuses with COVID-19 (hospitalizations, moderate or higher status, and severe status) were developed using diagnosis codes (ICD-10 code: U07.1, B34.2) and relevant medical procedure code. True cases were determined using the COVID-19 inpatient registry and electronic health records. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each algorithm at 6-month intervals.
RESULTS: Of the 75,711 total patients, number of true cases was 1,192 for hospitalizations, 622 for moderate or higher status, and 55 for severe status. The diagnosis code-only algorithm for hospitalization had sensitivities 90.4% to 94.9% and PPVs 9.3% to 19.4%. Among the algorithms consisting of both diagnosis codes and procedure codes, high sensitivity and PPV were observed during the following periods; 93.9% and 97.1% for hospitalization (January-June 2021), 90.4% and 87.5% for moderate or higher status (July-December 2021), and 92.3% and 85.7% for severe status (July-December 2020), respectively. Almost all algorithms had specificities and NPVs of approximately 99%.
CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis code-only algorithm for COVID-19 hospitalization showed low validity throughout the study period. The algorithms for hospitalizations, moderate or higher status, and severe status with COVID-19, consisting of both diagnosis codes and procedure codes, showed high validity in some periods.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2024 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of epidemiology - (2024) vom: 09. März |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ishiguro, Chieko [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Algorithm |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 10.03.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status Publisher |
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| doi: |
10.2188/jea.JE20230285 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM369522605 |
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| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status Publisher | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop and validate claims-based algorithms for identifying hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and the disease severity | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We used claims data including all patients at the National Center for Global and Medicine Hospital between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021. The claims-based algorithms for three statuses with COVID-19 (hospitalizations, moderate or higher status, and severe status) were developed using diagnosis codes (ICD-10 code: U07.1, B34.2) and relevant medical procedure code. True cases were determined using the COVID-19 inpatient registry and electronic health records. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for each algorithm at 6-month intervals | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Of the 75,711 total patients, number of true cases was 1,192 for hospitalizations, 622 for moderate or higher status, and 55 for severe status. The diagnosis code-only algorithm for hospitalization had sensitivities 90.4% to 94.9% and PPVs 9.3% to 19.4%. Among the algorithms consisting of both diagnosis codes and procedure codes, high sensitivity and PPV were observed during the following periods; 93.9% and 97.1% for hospitalization (January-June 2021), 90.4% and 87.5% for moderate or higher status (July-December 2021), and 92.3% and 85.7% for severe status (July-December 2020), respectively. Almost all algorithms had specificities and NPVs of approximately 99% | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis code-only algorithm for COVID-19 hospitalization showed low validity throughout the study period. The algorithms for hospitalizations, moderate or higher status, and severe status with COVID-19, consisting of both diagnosis codes and procedure codes, showed high validity in some periods | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Terada, Junko |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Ishiwari, Hironori |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hoshimoto, Hiroyuki |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Miyo, Kengo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ohmagari, Norio |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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