Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on clinical outcomes in kidney transplant patients
Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V..
INTRODUCTION: The global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in severe mortality and morbidity. Immunosuppressed patients, such as kidney transplant recipients, are particularly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on clinical outcomes in patients with kidney transplants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 254 patients with kidney transplants were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 and a fraction of these contracted COVID-19. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was carried out by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction testing, and the patients received treatment involving immunosuppressive and COVID-19-specific protocols.
RESULTS: SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed in 38 (14.96%) patients before the COVID-19 vaccine was administered. After vaccination, an additional 29 (11.42%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Risk factors for hospitalization included age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and time elapsed since renal transplantation (p = 0.025, 0.038, 0.012, and 0.046, respectively). COVID-19 vaccination resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection from 63.16% to 34.48% (p = 0.020). The proportion of patients from this cohort placed in intensive care units decreased from 23.68% to zero. Allograft rejections exhibited a decreasing trend from 13.16% to 6.90% (p = 0.690). This patient cohort displayed 15.79% mortality prior to COVID-19 vaccination that was reduced to nil after immunization.
CONCLUSION: COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced COVID-19 severity and mortality in this cohort of patients with kidney transplants. The risk factors for hospitalization were determined to be age, BMI, comorbidities, and time since renal transplantation. COVID-19 vaccination resulted in a clinical outcome of reduced hospitalization and a decrease in clinical complications. The COVID-19 vaccination-derived adverse effects in this cohort were found to be comparable to those in the immunocompetent population.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:84 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Transplant immunology - 84(2024) vom: 05. März, Seite 102019 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
de Assis, Ana Flávia Vieira Ferreira [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Adverse effects |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 07.03.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status Publisher |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.trim.2024.102019 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status Publisher | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V. | ||
| 520 | |a INTRODUCTION: The global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in severe mortality and morbidity. Immunosuppressed patients, such as kidney transplant recipients, are particularly susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVE: The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on clinical outcomes in patients with kidney transplants | ||
| 520 | |a MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 254 patients with kidney transplants were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 and a fraction of these contracted COVID-19. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was carried out by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction testing, and the patients received treatment involving immunosuppressive and COVID-19-specific protocols | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: SARS-CoV-2 infection was diagnosed in 38 (14.96%) patients before the COVID-19 vaccine was administered. After vaccination, an additional 29 (11.42%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. Risk factors for hospitalization included age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidities, and time elapsed since renal transplantation (p = 0.025, 0.038, 0.012, and 0.046, respectively). COVID-19 vaccination resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 infection from 63.16% to 34.48% (p = 0.020). The proportion of patients from this cohort placed in intensive care units decreased from 23.68% to zero. Allograft rejections exhibited a decreasing trend from 13.16% to 6.90% (p = 0.690). This patient cohort displayed 15.79% mortality prior to COVID-19 vaccination that was reduced to nil after immunization | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: COVID-19 vaccination significantly reduced COVID-19 severity and mortality in this cohort of patients with kidney transplants. The risk factors for hospitalization were determined to be age, BMI, comorbidities, and time since renal transplantation. COVID-19 vaccination resulted in a clinical outcome of reduced hospitalization and a decrease in clinical complications. The COVID-19 vaccination-derived adverse effects in this cohort were found to be comparable to those in the immunocompetent population | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Adverse effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 vaccines | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Immunosuppression therapy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Kidney transplantation outcome | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a de Oliveira Santos, Letícia |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Botelho, Mariana Almeida |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nascimento, Evaldo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fabreti-Oliveira, Raquel A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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