Cluster analysis of long COVID in Japan and association of its trajectory of symptoms and quality of life
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ..
BACKGROUND: Multiple prolonged symptoms observed in patients who recovered from COVID-19 are defined as long COVID. Although diverse phenotypic combinations are possible, they remain unclear. This study aimed to perform a cluster analysis of long COVID in Japan and clarify the association between its characteristics and background factors and quality of life (QOL).
METHODS: This multicentre prospective cohort study collected various symptoms and QOL after COVID-19 from January 2020 to February 2021. This study included 935 patients aged ≥18 years with COVID-19 at 26 participating medical facilities. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using 24 long COVID symptom at 3 months after diagnosis.
RESULTS: Participants were divided into the following five clusters: numerous symptoms across multiple organs (cluster 1, n=54); no or minor symptoms (cluster 2, n=546); taste and olfactory disorders (cluster 3, n=76); fatigue, psychoneurotic symptoms and dyspnoea (low prevalence of cough and sputum) (cluster 4, n=207) and fatigue and dyspnoea (high prevalence of cough and sputum) (cluster 5, n=52). Cluster 1 included elderly patients with severe symptoms, while cluster 3 included young female with mild symptoms. No significant differences were observed in the comorbidities. Cluster 1 showed the most impaired QOL, followed by clusters 4 and 5; these changes as well as the composition of symptoms were observed over 1 year.
CONCLUSIONS: We identified patients with long COVID with diverse characteristics into five clusters. Future analysis of these different pathologies could result in individualised treatment of long COVID.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The study protocol is registered at UMIN clinical trials registry (UMIN000042299).
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:11 |
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| Enthalten in: |
BMJ open respiratory research - 11(2024), 1 vom: 23. Feb. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ito, Fumimaro [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
COVID-19 |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 26.02.2024 Date Revised 04.03.2024 published: Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002111 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 520 | |a © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Multiple prolonged symptoms observed in patients who recovered from COVID-19 are defined as long COVID. Although diverse phenotypic combinations are possible, they remain unclear. This study aimed to perform a cluster analysis of long COVID in Japan and clarify the association between its characteristics and background factors and quality of life (QOL) | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: This multicentre prospective cohort study collected various symptoms and QOL after COVID-19 from January 2020 to February 2021. This study included 935 patients aged ≥18 years with COVID-19 at 26 participating medical facilities. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using 24 long COVID symptom at 3 months after diagnosis | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Participants were divided into the following five clusters: numerous symptoms across multiple organs (cluster 1, n=54); no or minor symptoms (cluster 2, n=546); taste and olfactory disorders (cluster 3, n=76); fatigue, psychoneurotic symptoms and dyspnoea (low prevalence of cough and sputum) (cluster 4, n=207) and fatigue and dyspnoea (high prevalence of cough and sputum) (cluster 5, n=52). Cluster 1 included elderly patients with severe symptoms, while cluster 3 included young female with mild symptoms. No significant differences were observed in the comorbidities. Cluster 1 showed the most impaired QOL, followed by clusters 4 and 5; these changes as well as the composition of symptoms were observed over 1 year | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: We identified patients with long COVID with diverse characteristics into five clusters. Future analysis of these different pathologies could result in individualised treatment of long COVID | ||
| 520 | |a TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The study protocol is registered at UMIN clinical trials registry (UMIN000042299) | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Multicenter Study | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a infection control | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Terai, Hideki |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kondo, Masahiro |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Takemura, Ryo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Namkoong, Ho |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Asakura, Takanori |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Chubachi, Shotaro |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Masuzawa, Keita |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nakayama, Sohei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Suzuki, Yusuke |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hashiguchi, Mizuha |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kagyo, Junko |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shiomi, Tetsuya |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Minematsu, Naoto |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Manabe, Tadashi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fukui, Takahiro |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Funatsu, Yohei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Koh, Hidefumi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Masaki, Katsunori |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ohgino, Keiko |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Miyata, Jun |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kawada, Ichiro |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ishii, Makoto |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sato, Yasunori |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fukunaga, Koichi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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