Epidemiological shifts in and impact of COVID-19 on streptococcal toxic shock syndrome in Japan : A genotypic analysis of group A Streptococcus isolates
Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved..
OBJECTIVES: Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is caused by group A Streptococcus (GAS; Streptococcus pyogenes) strains. In Japan, the number of STSS cases has decreased; however, the underlying reason remains unclear. Moreover, information on distribution and prevalence of specific emm types in STSS cases is scarce. Hence, we investigated the reason for the decreased number of STSS cases in Japan.
METHODS: We genotyped emm of 526 GAS isolates obtained from 526 patients with STSS between 2019 and 2022. The distributions of emm types in each year were compared.
RESULTS: The emm1 type was predominant, with the highest proportion in 2019, which decreased after 2020 following the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Strains isolated during the pandemic correlated with strains associated with skin infection, whereas those isolated during the prepandemic period correlated with strains associated with both throat and skin infections. The decrease in the annual number of STSS cases during the COVID-19 pandemic could be due to a decreased proportion of strains associated with pharyngeal infections.
CONCLUSIONS: Potential associations between pandemic and STSS numbers with respect to public health measures, such as wearing masks and changes in healthcare-seeking behavior, may have affected the number of GAS-induced infections.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:142 |
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| Enthalten in: |
International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases - 142(2024) vom: 19. Apr., Seite 106954 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ikebe, Tadayoshi [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
COVID-19 |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 16.04.2024 Date Revised 16.04.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.ijid.2024.01.021 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM368728390 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Ikebe, Tadayoshi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Epidemiological shifts in and impact of COVID-19 on streptococcal toxic shock syndrome in Japan |b A genotypic analysis of group A Streptococcus isolates |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2024 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 16.04.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 16.04.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVES: Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is caused by group A Streptococcus (GAS; Streptococcus pyogenes) strains. In Japan, the number of STSS cases has decreased; however, the underlying reason remains unclear. Moreover, information on distribution and prevalence of specific emm types in STSS cases is scarce. Hence, we investigated the reason for the decreased number of STSS cases in Japan | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We genotyped emm of 526 GAS isolates obtained from 526 patients with STSS between 2019 and 2022. The distributions of emm types in each year were compared | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: The emm1 type was predominant, with the highest proportion in 2019, which decreased after 2020 following the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Strains isolated during the pandemic correlated with strains associated with skin infection, whereas those isolated during the prepandemic period correlated with strains associated with both throat and skin infections. The decrease in the annual number of STSS cases during the COVID-19 pandemic could be due to a decreased proportion of strains associated with pharyngeal infections | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Potential associations between pandemic and STSS numbers with respect to public health measures, such as wearing masks and changes in healthcare-seeking behavior, may have affected the number of GAS-induced infections | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Group A Streptococcus | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Invasive infection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Streptococcus pyogenes | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Okuno, Rumi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Uchitani, Yumi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yamaguchi, Takahiro |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Isobe, Junko |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Maenishi, Emi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Date, Yoshimi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Otsuka, Hitoshi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kazawa, Yu |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fujita, Shohei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kobayashi, Ayaka |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Takano, Mami |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tsukamoto, Shinya |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kanda, Yoshiko |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ohnishi, Makoto |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Akeda, Yukihiro |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Working Group for Beta-Hemolytic Streptococci in Japan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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