Higher Imported Food Patterns Are Associated with Obesity and Severe Obesity in Tuvalu : A Latent Class Analysis
© 2024 The Author(s)..
Background: Tuvalu is a Pacific Island country within the small island developing states that has observed a significant and alarming increase in obesity rates over the past 40 years, affecting ∼60 %-70 % of the current population.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between food patterns and the proportion of obesity in a Pacific Island country.
Methods: The 2022 COMmunity-based Behavior and Attitude survey in Tuvalu (COMBAT) included 985 adults with complete data on sociodemographic information and the frequency of consumption of 25 common foods. A latent class analysis determined 4 food patterns. Bayesian multilevel logistic and linear regression models estimated the association between food patterns and the proportion of obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2], severe obesity (BMI ≥40 kg/m2), and weight (kg), adjusting for potential confounders and accounting for clustering by region.
Results: The latent class analysis revealed 4 food patterns with an entropy of 0.94 and an average posterior probability of class assignment for each individual of 0.97, described as follows: 1) local: locally produced foods with moderate food diversity (proportion of individuals = 28 %); 2) diverse-local: local with greater food diversity (17 %); 3) restricted-imported: more imported with restricted diversity (29 %); and 4) imported: heavily imported with high diversity (26 %). Compared to those following the diverse-local pattern, the odds of having obesity were greater for those classified with the imported pattern [odds ratio (OR): 2.52; 95 % credible interval (CrI): 1.59, 3.99], restricted-imported pattern (OR: 1.89; 95 % CrI: 1.59, 3.99), and local pattern (OR: 1.54; 95 % CrI: 0.94, 2.50). Similar trends were observed for severe obesity while body weight was positively associated with both restricted-imported and imported food patterns.
Conclusions: The high consumption of imported foods, together with the low consumption of plant-based foods and protein-rich foods, could be a relevant modifiable lifestyle factor explaining the high levels of obesity and severe obesity in Tuvalu, a Pacific Island country.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:8 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Current developments in nutrition - 8(2024), 2 vom: 14. Feb., Seite 102080 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
López-Gil, José Francisco [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Climate |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 15.02.2024 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.102080 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM36842085X |
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| 100 | 1 | |a López-Gil, José Francisco |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Higher Imported Food Patterns Are Associated with Obesity and Severe Obesity in Tuvalu |b A Latent Class Analysis |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 15.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic-eCollection | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2024 The Author(s). | ||
| 520 | |a Background: Tuvalu is a Pacific Island country within the small island developing states that has observed a significant and alarming increase in obesity rates over the past 40 years, affecting ∼60 %-70 % of the current population | ||
| 520 | |a Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between food patterns and the proportion of obesity in a Pacific Island country | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: The 2022 COMmunity-based Behavior and Attitude survey in Tuvalu (COMBAT) included 985 adults with complete data on sociodemographic information and the frequency of consumption of 25 common foods. A latent class analysis determined 4 food patterns. Bayesian multilevel logistic and linear regression models estimated the association between food patterns and the proportion of obesity [body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2], severe obesity (BMI ≥40 kg/m2), and weight (kg), adjusting for potential confounders and accounting for clustering by region | ||
| 520 | |a Results: The latent class analysis revealed 4 food patterns with an entropy of 0.94 and an average posterior probability of class assignment for each individual of 0.97, described as follows: 1) local: locally produced foods with moderate food diversity (proportion of individuals = 28 %); 2) diverse-local: local with greater food diversity (17 %); 3) restricted-imported: more imported with restricted diversity (29 %); and 4) imported: heavily imported with high diversity (26 %). Compared to those following the diverse-local pattern, the odds of having obesity were greater for those classified with the imported pattern [odds ratio (OR): 2.52; 95 % credible interval (CrI): 1.59, 3.99], restricted-imported pattern (OR: 1.89; 95 % CrI: 1.59, 3.99), and local pattern (OR: 1.54; 95 % CrI: 0.94, 2.50). Similar trends were observed for severe obesity while body weight was positively associated with both restricted-imported and imported food patterns | ||
| 520 | |a Conclusions: The high consumption of imported foods, together with the low consumption of plant-based foods and protein-rich foods, could be a relevant modifiable lifestyle factor explaining the high levels of obesity and severe obesity in Tuvalu, a Pacific Island country | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a climate | |
| 650 | 4 | |a diet | |
| 650 | 4 | |a food systems | |
| 650 | 4 | |a global health | |
| 650 | 4 | |a nutrition and health | |
| 650 | 4 | |a public health nutrition | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wu, Stephanie M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lee, Tai-Lin Irene |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shih, Chih-Wei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tausi, Selotia |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sosene, Vine |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Maani, Pauke P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tupulaga, Malo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hsu, Yu-Tien |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Chang, Chia-Rui |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shiau, Shi-Chian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lo, Yuan-Hung |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wei, Chih-Fu |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lin, Po-Jen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hershey, Maria Soledad |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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