A Brazilian series utilizing the SMASH-U system for etiologic classification of intracerebral hemorrhage
The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)..
BACKGROUND: Understanding the causes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is crucial for effective treatment and preventing recurrences. The SMASH-U scale is a suggested method for classifying and predicting the outcomes of ICH.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the SMASH-U classification and outcomes by etiology in patients admitted to a comprehensive stroke center in São Paulo, Brazil.
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients admitted to the hospital or outpatient clinic between April 2015 and January 2018. Two stroke neurologists evaluated the SMASH-U classification, and patients with incomplete medical records were excluded.
RESULTS: Out of the 2000 patients with a stroke diagnosis evaluated, 140 were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 57.9 (± 15.5) years, and 54.3% were male. Hypertension was the most frequent etiology, accounting for 41.4% of cases, followed by amyloid angiopathy (18.5%) and structural lesions (14.1%). Structural lesions were more common among women and patients under 45 years old. Favorable outcomes were observed in 61% of patients with structural lesions, compared to 10% of patients with medication-related etiologies.
CONCLUSION: This study provides important evidence regarding the etiological classification of Brazilian patients with ICH. Hypertension and amyloid angiopathy were the most frequent causes, while structural lesions and systemic diseases were more common in younger patients.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:82 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria - 82(2024), 1 vom: 03. Jan., Seite 1-7 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Weiterer Titel: |
Classificação etiológica de pacientes admitidos com hemorragia intracerebral utilizando a escala SMASH-U: uma série brasileira |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Silva, Luiz Henrique Libardi [VerfasserIn] |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 07.02.2024 Date Revised 29.02.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1055/s-0044-1779505 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM368056872 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Silva, Luiz Henrique Libardi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 2 | |a A Brazilian series utilizing the SMASH-U system for etiologic classification of intracerebral hemorrhage |
| 246 | 3 | 3 | |a Classificação etiológica de pacientes admitidos com hemorragia intracerebral utilizando a escala SMASH-U: uma série brasileira |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 07.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 29.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Understanding the causes of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is crucial for effective treatment and preventing recurrences. The SMASH-U scale is a suggested method for classifying and predicting the outcomes of ICH | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVE: To describe the SMASH-U classification and outcomes by etiology in patients admitted to a comprehensive stroke center in São Paulo, Brazil | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients admitted to the hospital or outpatient clinic between April 2015 and January 2018. Two stroke neurologists evaluated the SMASH-U classification, and patients with incomplete medical records were excluded | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Out of the 2000 patients with a stroke diagnosis evaluated, 140 were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 57.9 (± 15.5) years, and 54.3% were male. Hypertension was the most frequent etiology, accounting for 41.4% of cases, followed by amyloid angiopathy (18.5%) and structural lesions (14.1%). Structural lesions were more common among women and patients under 45 years old. Favorable outcomes were observed in 61% of patients with structural lesions, compared to 10% of patients with medication-related etiologies | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: This study provides important evidence regarding the etiological classification of Brazilian patients with ICH. Hypertension and amyloid angiopathy were the most frequent causes, while structural lesions and systemic diseases were more common in younger patients | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Andrade, João Brainer Clares de |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Majdoub, Ahmad Ali El |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Miranda-Alves, Maramélia |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Valiente, Raul Alberto |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rodrigues, Daniela Laranja Gomes |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Silva, Gisele Sampaio |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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