PLAU and GREM1 are prognostic biomarkers for predicting immune response in lung adenocarcinoma
Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc..
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common malignant tumor. Identification of biomarkers and understanding their potential functions will facilitate the treatment and diagnosis in LUAD patients. The yellow module (cor = 0.31, P = 2e-6) was selected as the core module based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) by integrating RNA-seq data and tumor stage. Two upregulated genes (PLAU and GREM1) in yellow module were identified to be biomarkers. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis displayed that high expression levels of them had a poor overall survival (OS). And, their high expression levels revealed higher tumor stage and relapse possibility in LUAD patients, and could be a prognostic parameter. Both biomarkers showed similar immune cell expression profiles in low- and high-expression groups. Strongly positive correlation between both biomarkers and biomarkers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were also clarified in TCGA-LUAD cohort. Importantly, single gene GSEA showed that transcriptional mis-regulation in cancer and microRNAs in cancer were enriched in LUAD patients. Therefore, a miRNA-mRNA-transcription factors (TFs) co-expression regulatory networks was constructed for each biomarker, various miRNAs and TFs were related to PLAU and GREM1. Among which, 6 downstream TFs were overlapped genes for both biomarkers. Notably, 2 of these TFs (FOXF1 and TFAP2A) exhibited significantly abnormal expression levels. Among which, FOXF1 was downregulated and TFAP2A was upregulated in TCGA-LUAD cohort. Both TFs showed a significantly positive correlation with the expression level of PLAU. In conclusion, we identified 2 biomarkers related to immune response and achieved a good accuracy in predicting OS in patients with LUAD.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:103 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
Medicine - 103(2024), 5 vom: 02. Feb., Seite e37041 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Fu, Dongliao [VerfasserIn] |
|---|
| Links: |
|---|
| Themen: |
Biomarkers, Tumor |
|---|
| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 05.02.2024 Date Revised 14.02.2024 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
|---|
| doi: |
10.1097/MD.0000000000037041 |
|---|
| funding: |
|
|---|---|
| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
|
| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM367959488 |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000caa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | NLM367959488 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20240215232039.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 240203s2024 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1097/MD.0000000000037041 |2 doi | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a pubmed24n1294.xml |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)NLM367959488 | ||
| 035 | |a (NLM)38306567 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Fu, Dongliao |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a PLAU and GREM1 are prognostic biomarkers for predicting immune response in lung adenocarcinoma |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2024 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ƒaComputermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a ƒa Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Date Completed 05.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 14.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. | ||
| 520 | |a Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a common malignant tumor. Identification of biomarkers and understanding their potential functions will facilitate the treatment and diagnosis in LUAD patients. The yellow module (cor = 0.31, P = 2e-6) was selected as the core module based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) by integrating RNA-seq data and tumor stage. Two upregulated genes (PLAU and GREM1) in yellow module were identified to be biomarkers. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis displayed that high expression levels of them had a poor overall survival (OS). And, their high expression levels revealed higher tumor stage and relapse possibility in LUAD patients, and could be a prognostic parameter. Both biomarkers showed similar immune cell expression profiles in low- and high-expression groups. Strongly positive correlation between both biomarkers and biomarkers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were also clarified in TCGA-LUAD cohort. Importantly, single gene GSEA showed that transcriptional mis-regulation in cancer and microRNAs in cancer were enriched in LUAD patients. Therefore, a miRNA-mRNA-transcription factors (TFs) co-expression regulatory networks was constructed for each biomarker, various miRNAs and TFs were related to PLAU and GREM1. Among which, 6 downstream TFs were overlapped genes for both biomarkers. Notably, 2 of these TFs (FOXF1 and TFAP2A) exhibited significantly abnormal expression levels. Among which, FOXF1 was downregulated and TFAP2A was upregulated in TCGA-LUAD cohort. Both TFs showed a significantly positive correlation with the expression level of PLAU. In conclusion, we identified 2 biomarkers related to immune response and achieved a good accuracy in predicting OS in patients with LUAD | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 7 | |a MicroRNAs |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Forkhead Transcription Factors |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Biomarkers, Tumor |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a GREM1 protein, human |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hu, Zhigang |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ma, Haodi |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xiong, Xin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Chen, Xingang |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Jingjing |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zheng, Xuewei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yin, Qinan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Medicine |d 1945 |g 103(2024), 5 vom: 02. Feb., Seite e37041 |w (DE-627)NLM000020737 |x 1536-5964 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:103 |g year:2024 |g number:5 |g day:02 |g month:02 |g pages:e37041 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000037041 |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_NLM | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 103 |j 2024 |e 5 |b 02 |c 02 |h e37041 | ||