A dynamical measure of the black hole mass in a quasar 11 billion years ago
© 2024. The Author(s)..
Tight relationships exist in the local Universe between the central stellar properties of galaxies and the mass of their supermassive black hole (SMBH)1-3. These suggest that galaxies and black holes co-evolve, with the main regulation mechanism being energetic feedback from accretion onto the black hole during its quasar phase4-6. A crucial question is how the relationship between black holes and galaxies evolves with time; a key epoch to examine this relationship is at the peaks of star formation and black hole growth 8-12 billion years ago (redshifts 1-3)7. Here we report a dynamical measurement of the mass of the black hole in a luminous quasar at a redshift of 2, with a look back in time of 11 billion years, by spatially resolving the broad-line region (BLR). We detect a 40-μas (0.31-pc) spatial offset between the red and blue photocentres of the Hα line that traces the velocity gradient of a rotating BLR. The flux and differential phase spectra are well reproduced by a thick, moderately inclined disk of gas clouds within the sphere of influence of a central black hole with a mass of 3.2 × 108 solar masses. Molecular gas data reveal a dynamical mass for the host galaxy of 6 × 1011 solar masses, which indicates an undermassive black hole accreting at a super-Eddington rate. This suggests a host galaxy that grew faster than the SMBH, indicating a delay between galaxy and black hole formation for some systems.
Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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Erschienen: |
2024 |
Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:627 |
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Enthalten in: |
Nature - 627(2024), 8003 vom: 28. März, Seite 281-285 |
Sprache: |
Englisch |
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Beteiligte Personen: |
Abuter, R [VerfasserIn] |
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Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 15.03.2024 Date Revised 17.03.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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doi: |
10.1038/s41586-024-07053-4 |
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funding: |
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Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM367766914 |
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245 | 1 | 2 | |a A dynamical measure of the black hole mass in a quasar 11 billion years ago |
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520 | |a © 2024. The Author(s). | ||
520 | |a Tight relationships exist in the local Universe between the central stellar properties of galaxies and the mass of their supermassive black hole (SMBH)1-3. These suggest that galaxies and black holes co-evolve, with the main regulation mechanism being energetic feedback from accretion onto the black hole during its quasar phase4-6. A crucial question is how the relationship between black holes and galaxies evolves with time; a key epoch to examine this relationship is at the peaks of star formation and black hole growth 8-12 billion years ago (redshifts 1-3)7. Here we report a dynamical measurement of the mass of the black hole in a luminous quasar at a redshift of 2, with a look back in time of 11 billion years, by spatially resolving the broad-line region (BLR). We detect a 40-μas (0.31-pc) spatial offset between the red and blue photocentres of the Hα line that traces the velocity gradient of a rotating BLR. The flux and differential phase spectra are well reproduced by a thick, moderately inclined disk of gas clouds within the sphere of influence of a central black hole with a mass of 3.2 × 108 solar masses. Molecular gas data reveal a dynamical mass for the host galaxy of 6 × 1011 solar masses, which indicates an undermassive black hole accreting at a super-Eddington rate. This suggests a host galaxy that grew faster than the SMBH, indicating a delay between galaxy and black hole formation for some systems | ||
650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
700 | 1 | |a Allouche, F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Amorim, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Bailet, C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Berdeu, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Berger, J-P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Berio, P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Bigioli, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Boebion, O |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Bolzer, M-L |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Bonnet, H |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Bourdarot, G |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Bourget, P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Brandner, W |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Cao, Y |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Conzelmann, R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Comin, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Clénet, Y |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Courtney-Barrer, B |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Davies, R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Defrère, D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Delboulbé, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Delplancke-Ströbele, F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Dembet, R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Dexter, J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a de Zeeuw, P T |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Drescher, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Eckart, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Édouard, C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Eisenhauer, F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Fabricius, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Feuchtgruber, H |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Finger, G |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Förster Schreiber, N M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Garcia, P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Garcia Lopez, R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Gao, F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Gendron, E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Genzel, R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Gil, J P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Gillessen, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Gomes, T |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Gonté, F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Gouvret, C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a Guieu, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Hackenberg, W |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Haddad, N |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Hartl, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Haubois, X |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a Hippler, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Hönig, S F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Horrobin, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Hubin, N |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Jacqmart, E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Jocou, L |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a Kervella, P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Kolb, J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Korhonen, H |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Lacour, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a Le Bouquin, J-B |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Leftley, J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Léna, P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Lewis, S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Liu, D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Lopez, B |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Lutz, D |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Magnard, Y |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Mang, F |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Marcotto, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a Mérand, A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a More, N |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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700 | 1 | |a Nowak, M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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