Knots of the umbilical cord : Incidence, diagnosis, and management
© 2024 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics..
Knot(s) of the umbilical cord have received emphasis because the clinical assessments and sonographic literature show a crucial role in fetal outcomes. The true umbilical cord knot could be a knot in a singleton pregnancy or an entanglement of two umbilical cords in monoamniotic twins. Clinical manifestations are almost silent, which can raise clinical challenges. They worsen outcomes, and the pathology can be easily missed during prenatal visits because ultrasonographers do not pay attention to the cord during an obstetric ultrasound scan. However, most medical centers now have ultrasound machines that improve fetal assessment. The umbilical cord should be routinely evaluated during a fetal assessment, and suspicion of an umbilical cord knot can be more frequently diagnosed and is detected only incidentally. Clinical outcome is usually good but depends on the knot's characteristics and if it is tight or loose. In this review, we discuss pathophysiology, the theories on formation, the main risk factors, ultrasound signs and findings, different opinions in the management, and features of pregnancy outcomes feature.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2024 |
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| Enthalten in: |
International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics - (2024) vom: 24. Jan. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Al Qasem, Malek [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Diagnosis |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 24.01.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status Publisher |
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| doi: |
10.1002/ijgo.15373 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM367553597 |
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| 520 | |a © 2024 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics. | ||
| 520 | |a Knot(s) of the umbilical cord have received emphasis because the clinical assessments and sonographic literature show a crucial role in fetal outcomes. The true umbilical cord knot could be a knot in a singleton pregnancy or an entanglement of two umbilical cords in monoamniotic twins. Clinical manifestations are almost silent, which can raise clinical challenges. They worsen outcomes, and the pathology can be easily missed during prenatal visits because ultrasonographers do not pay attention to the cord during an obstetric ultrasound scan. However, most medical centers now have ultrasound machines that improve fetal assessment. The umbilical cord should be routinely evaluated during a fetal assessment, and suspicion of an umbilical cord knot can be more frequently diagnosed and is detected only incidentally. Clinical outcome is usually good but depends on the knot's characteristics and if it is tight or loose. In this review, we discuss pathophysiology, the theories on formation, the main risk factors, ultrasound signs and findings, different opinions in the management, and features of pregnancy outcomes feature | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Review | |
| 650 | 4 | |a diagnosis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a management | |
| 650 | 4 | |a pathophysiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a ultrasound | |
| 650 | 4 | |a umbilical cord knot | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Meyyazhagan, Arun |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tsibizova, Valentina |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Clerici, Graziano |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Arduini, Maurizio |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Khader, Mohammed |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a M Alkarabsheh, Ahlam |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Di Renzo, Gian Carlo |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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