Humoral and Cellular Immune Response after Three Doses of Sinopharm [Vero Cell]-Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Combination with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Leads to Hybrid Immunity
BACKGROUND: Several vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed and licensed to enhance the immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Similarly, previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to provide significant protection against severe infection and hospitalization.
METHODS: We investigated the effect of three doses of the Sinopharm vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 infection on the specific immune response in 103 volunteers, measuring neutralizing antibodies, anti-S1 IgG, anti-RBD IgM, anti-N IgM, anti-N IgG antibodies, and INF γ.
RESULTS: Our results showed that the presence of cardiovascular diseases increased the level of anti-N-IgG antibodies, while endocrinological diseases decreased the level of neutralizing antibodies and anti-N IgG antibodies, suggesting that these diseases alter the effect of vaccine-induced immunity. In addition, there was a significant decrease in anti-S1 IgG levels at 6 months and in anti-N IgG levels 18 months post-infection, while neutralizing antibodies and INF γ levels were constant at 3, 6, and 18 months post-infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the emergence of hybrid immunity, which is the strongest and most durable compared to natural immunity or vaccine-induced immunity. Significant positive correlations were found between humoral and cellular immunity markers: neutralizing antibodies, anti-S1 IgG and anti-N IgG antibodies, and INF γ, indicating a unique coordinated response specific to COVID-19.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:17 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) - 17(2024), 1 vom: 17. Jan. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Vukčević, Marija [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Anti-N IgG antibodies |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 29.01.2024 published: Electronic Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3390/ph17010122 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Humoral and Cellular Immune Response after Three Doses of Sinopharm [Vero Cell]-Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Combination with SARS-CoV-2 Infection Leads to Hybrid Immunity |
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| 500 | |a published: Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Several vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed and licensed to enhance the immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Similarly, previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to provide significant protection against severe infection and hospitalization | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We investigated the effect of three doses of the Sinopharm vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 infection on the specific immune response in 103 volunteers, measuring neutralizing antibodies, anti-S1 IgG, anti-RBD IgM, anti-N IgM, anti-N IgG antibodies, and INF γ | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Our results showed that the presence of cardiovascular diseases increased the level of anti-N-IgG antibodies, while endocrinological diseases decreased the level of neutralizing antibodies and anti-N IgG antibodies, suggesting that these diseases alter the effect of vaccine-induced immunity. In addition, there was a significant decrease in anti-S1 IgG levels at 6 months and in anti-N IgG levels 18 months post-infection, while neutralizing antibodies and INF γ levels were constant at 3, 6, and 18 months post-infection | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the emergence of hybrid immunity, which is the strongest and most durable compared to natural immunity or vaccine-induced immunity. Significant positive correlations were found between humoral and cellular immunity markers: neutralizing antibodies, anti-S1 IgG and anti-N IgG antibodies, and INF γ, indicating a unique coordinated response specific to COVID-19 | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a INF γ | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sinopharm vaccine | |
| 650 | 4 | |a anti-N IgG antibodies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a anti-N IgM antibodies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a anti-RBD IgM antibodies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a anti-S1 IgG antibodies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a neutralizing antibodies | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Šerović, Katarina |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Despot, Mateja |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nikolić-Kokić, Aleksandra |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Vujović, Aleksandra |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nikolić, Milan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Blagojević, Duško |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jovanović, Tanja |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Despot, Dragana |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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