Salivary Cortisol and Cortisone Can Circumvent Confounding Effects of Oral Contraceptives in the Short Synacthen Test
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society..
CONTEXT: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is usually diagnosed by low plasma cortisol levels following a short Synacthen test (SST). Most plasma cortisol is bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin, which is increased by estrogen in combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives (COCs). Women with AI using COCs are therefore at risk of having an apparently normal plasma cortisol level during SST, which would not adequately reflect AI.
OBJECTIVE: To test whether salivary cortisol or cortisone during SST is more robust against the COC effect and to calculate the lower reference limits (LRLs) for these to be used as tentative diagnostic cutoffs to exclude AI.
METHODS: Forty-one healthy women on COCs and 46 healthy women without exogenous estrogens performed an SST with collection of plasma and salivary samples at 0, 30, and 60 min after Synacthen injection. The groups were compared using regression analysis with age as covariate and the LRLs were calculated parametrically.
RESULTS: SST-stimulated plasma cortisol levels were significantly higher in the COC group versus controls, while mean salivary cortisol and cortisone levels were slightly lower in the COC group. Importantly, COC use did not significantly alter LRLs for salivary cortisol or cortisone. The smallest LRL difference between groups was seen for salivary cortisone.
CONCLUSION: Salivary cortisol and especially salivary cortisone are considerably less affected by COC use than plasma cortisol during SST. Due to similar LRLs, a common cutoff for salivary cortisol and cortisone during SST can be used to exclude AI in premenopausal women irrespective of COC use.
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CommentIn: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Jan 12;:. - PMID 38214548 |
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| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2024 |
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| Enthalten in: |
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism - (2024) vom: 04. Jan. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Bäcklund, Nils [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Adrenal insufficiency |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 12.01.2024 published: Print-Electronic CommentIn: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Jan 12;:. - PMID 38214548 Citation Status Publisher |
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| doi: |
10.1210/clinem/dgad763 |
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| 500 | |a CommentIn: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Jan 12;:. - PMID 38214548 | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status Publisher | ||
| 520 | |a © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society. | ||
| 520 | |a CONTEXT: Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is usually diagnosed by low plasma cortisol levels following a short Synacthen test (SST). Most plasma cortisol is bound to corticosteroid-binding globulin, which is increased by estrogen in combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives (COCs). Women with AI using COCs are therefore at risk of having an apparently normal plasma cortisol level during SST, which would not adequately reflect AI | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVE: To test whether salivary cortisol or cortisone during SST is more robust against the COC effect and to calculate the lower reference limits (LRLs) for these to be used as tentative diagnostic cutoffs to exclude AI | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Forty-one healthy women on COCs and 46 healthy women without exogenous estrogens performed an SST with collection of plasma and salivary samples at 0, 30, and 60 min after Synacthen injection. The groups were compared using regression analysis with age as covariate and the LRLs were calculated parametrically | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: SST-stimulated plasma cortisol levels were significantly higher in the COC group versus controls, while mean salivary cortisol and cortisone levels were slightly lower in the COC group. Importantly, COC use did not significantly alter LRLs for salivary cortisol or cortisone. The smallest LRL difference between groups was seen for salivary cortisone | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: Salivary cortisol and especially salivary cortisone are considerably less affected by COC use than plasma cortisol during SST. Due to similar LRLs, a common cutoff for salivary cortisol and cortisone during SST can be used to exclude AI in premenopausal women irrespective of COC use | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a oral contraceptives | |
| 650 | 4 | |a reference limits | |
| 650 | 4 | |a salivary cortisol | |
| 650 | 4 | |a salivary cortisone | |
| 650 | 4 | |a short Synacthen test | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Olsson, Tommy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Dahlqvist, Per |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Brattsand, Göran |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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