Bacterial co-infections, secondary infections and antimicrobial use among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the sixth wave in Pakistan : findings and implications
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies in Pakistan have shown considerable over prescribing of antibiotics in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 despite very low prevalence of bacterial infections. Irrational use of antibiotics will worsen antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
METHODS: Retrospective analysis of medical records of patients in the COVID-19 wards of three tertiary care hospitals to assess antibiotic use during the sixth COVID-19 wave.
RESULTS: A total of 284 patients were included, most were male (66.9%), aged 30-50 years (50.7%) with diabetes mellitus the most common comorbidity. The most common symptoms at presentation were cough (47.9%) and arthralgia-myalgia (41.5%). Around 3% were asymptomatic, 34.9% had mild, 30.3% moderate, and 23.6% had severe disease, with 8.1% critical. Chest X-ray abnormalities were seen in 43.3% of patients and 37% had elevated white cell counts, with 35.2% having elevated C-reactive protein levels. Around 91% COVID-19 patients were prescribed antibiotics during their hospital stay, with only a few with proven bacterial co-infections or secondary bacterial infections. Most antibiotics were from the 'Watch' category (90.8%) followed by the 'Reserve' category (4.8%), similar to previous COVID-19 waves.
CONCLUSION: There continued to be excessive antibiotics use among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Pakistan. Urgent measures are needed to address inappropriate prescribing including greater prescribing of Access antibiotics where pertinent.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:22 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Expert review of anti-infective therapy - 22(2024), 4 vom: 06. Apr., Seite 229-240 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ul Mustafa, Zia [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
AWaRe classification |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 08.04.2024 Date Revised 08.04.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1080/14787210.2023.2299387 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM366376136 |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 08.04.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a INTRODUCTION: Previous studies in Pakistan have shown considerable over prescribing of antibiotics in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 despite very low prevalence of bacterial infections. Irrational use of antibiotics will worsen antimicrobial resistance (AMR) | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Retrospective analysis of medical records of patients in the COVID-19 wards of three tertiary care hospitals to assess antibiotic use during the sixth COVID-19 wave | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: A total of 284 patients were included, most were male (66.9%), aged 30-50 years (50.7%) with diabetes mellitus the most common comorbidity. The most common symptoms at presentation were cough (47.9%) and arthralgia-myalgia (41.5%). Around 3% were asymptomatic, 34.9% had mild, 30.3% moderate, and 23.6% had severe disease, with 8.1% critical. Chest X-ray abnormalities were seen in 43.3% of patients and 37% had elevated white cell counts, with 35.2% having elevated C-reactive protein levels. Around 91% COVID-19 patients were prescribed antibiotics during their hospital stay, with only a few with proven bacterial co-infections or secondary bacterial infections. Most antibiotics were from the 'Watch' category (90.8%) followed by the 'Reserve' category (4.8%), similar to previous COVID-19 waves | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: There continued to be excessive antibiotics use among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Pakistan. Urgent measures are needed to address inappropriate prescribing including greater prescribing of Access antibiotics where pertinent | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a AWaRe classification | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Antibiotics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a COVID-19 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pakistan | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Mallhi, Tauqeer Hussain |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Meyer, Johanna C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Godman, Brian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Moore, Catrin E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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