Characteristics of innate, humoral and cellular immunity in children with non-severe SARS-CoV-2 infection
Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd..
The symptoms of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 are mainly asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and a few severe cases. To understand the immune response characteristics of children infected with SARS-COV-2 who do not develop severe cases, 82 children infected with the SARS-CoV-2 delta strain were recruited in this study. Our results showed that high levels of IgG, IgM, and neutralization antibodies appeared in children infected with SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 induced upregulation of both pro-inflammatory factors including TNF-α and anti-inflammatory factors including IL-4 and IL-13 in the children, even IL-10. The expression of INF-α in infected children also showed a significant increase compared to healthy children. However, IL-6, one of the important inflammatory factors, did not show an increase in infected children. It is worth noting that a large number of chemokines reduced in the SARS-CoV-2-infected children. Subsequently, TCR Repertoire, TCRβ bias, and preferential usage were analyzed on data of TCR next-generation sequencing from 8 SARS-CoV-2-infected children and 8 healthy controls. We found a significant decrease in TCR clonal diversity and a significant increase in TCR clonal expansion in SARS-CoV-2-infected children compared to healthy children. The most frequent V and J genes in SARS-CoV-2 children were TRBV28 and TRBJ2-1. The most frequently VβJ gene pairing in SARS-CoV-2 infected children was TRBV20-1-TRBJ2-1. The strong antiviral antibody levels, low expression of key pro-inflammatory factors, significant elevation of anti-inflammatory factors, and downregulation of many chemokines jointly determine that SARS-CoV-2-infected children rarely develop severe cases. Overall, our findings shed a light on the immune response of non-severe children infected with SARS-CoV-2.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:88 |
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| Enthalten in: |
The Journal of infection - 88(2024), 2 vom: 22. Feb., Seite 158-166 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Zong, Kexin [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Anti-Inflammatory Agents |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 07.02.2024 Date Revised 07.02.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.jinf.2023.12.003 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM365922137 |
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| 520 | |a Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd. | ||
| 520 | |a The symptoms of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 are mainly asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and a few severe cases. To understand the immune response characteristics of children infected with SARS-COV-2 who do not develop severe cases, 82 children infected with the SARS-CoV-2 delta strain were recruited in this study. Our results showed that high levels of IgG, IgM, and neutralization antibodies appeared in children infected with SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 induced upregulation of both pro-inflammatory factors including TNF-α and anti-inflammatory factors including IL-4 and IL-13 in the children, even IL-10. The expression of INF-α in infected children also showed a significant increase compared to healthy children. However, IL-6, one of the important inflammatory factors, did not show an increase in infected children. It is worth noting that a large number of chemokines reduced in the SARS-CoV-2-infected children. Subsequently, TCR Repertoire, TCRβ bias, and preferential usage were analyzed on data of TCR next-generation sequencing from 8 SARS-CoV-2-infected children and 8 healthy controls. We found a significant decrease in TCR clonal diversity and a significant increase in TCR clonal expansion in SARS-CoV-2-infected children compared to healthy children. The most frequent V and J genes in SARS-CoV-2 children were TRBV28 and TRBJ2-1. The most frequently VβJ gene pairing in SARS-CoV-2 infected children was TRBV20-1-TRBJ2-1. The strong antiviral antibody levels, low expression of key pro-inflammatory factors, significant elevation of anti-inflammatory factors, and downregulation of many chemokines jointly determine that SARS-CoV-2-infected children rarely develop severe cases. Overall, our findings shed a light on the immune response of non-severe children infected with SARS-CoV-2 | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Antibody protection | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Children | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cytokines and chemokines | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a TCR repertoire | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Yuan, Ping |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Ruifang |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Luo, Qin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yang, Yanqing |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Xiaohong |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Song, Qinqin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Du, Haijun |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gao, Chen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Song, Juan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhan, Weihua |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Mengjie |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Yanhai |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lin, Qunying |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yao, Hailan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xie, Baosong |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Han, Jun |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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