Cholic acid increases plasma cholesterol in Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome : A pilot study

© 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc..

Background: Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is an inherited disorder of cholesterol biosynthesis associated with congenital malformations, growth delay, intellectual disability and behavior problems. SLOS is caused by bi-allelic mutations in DHCR7, which lead to reduced activity of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase that catalyzes the last step in cholesterol biosynthesis. Symptoms of SLOS are thought to be due to cholesterol deficiency and accumulation of its precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) and 8-dehydrocholesterol (8-DHC), and toxic oxysterols. Therapy for SLOS often includes dietary cholesterol supplementation, but lipids are poorly absorbed from the diet, possibly due to impaired bile acid synthesis. We hypothesized that bile acid supplementation with cholic acid would improve dietary cholesterol absorption and raise plasma cholesterol levels.

Methods: Twelve SLOS subjects (10 M, 2F, ages 2-27 years) who had plasma cholesterol ≤125 mg/dL were treated with cholic acid (10 mg/kg/day) divided twice daily for 2 months. Plasma cholesterol, 7-DHC and 8-DHC were measured by GC-MS. Oxysterols were measured by ultra-high-performance LC-MS/MS. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests.

Results: At baseline, plasma cholesterol was 75 ± 24 mg/dL (mean ± SD; range 43-125, n = 12). After 2 months on cholic acid, mean plasma cholesterol increased to 97 ± 29 mg/dL (p = 0.011). Eleven of 12 subjects showed an increase in plasma cholesterol that varied from 3.8% to 85.7% (mean 38.7 ± 23.3%). 7-Hydroxycholesterol decreased by 20.6% on average (p = 0.013) but no significant changes were seen in 7-DHC or 8-DHC. Mean body weight tended to increase (3.6% p = 0.069). Subjects tolerated cholic acid well and experienced no drug-related adverse events.

Conclusions: In this pilot study, cholic acid supplementation was well tolerated and safe and resulted in an increase in plasma cholesterol in most SLOS subjects. Further controlled longitudinal studies are needed to look for the sustainability of the biochemical effect and possible clinical benefits.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2024

Erschienen:

2024

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:38

Enthalten in:

Molecular genetics and metabolism reports - 38(2024) vom: 01. Feb., Seite 101030

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Elias, Ellen R [VerfasserIn]
Orth, Lucas E [VerfasserIn]
Li, Amy [VerfasserIn]
Xu, Libin [VerfasserIn]
Jones, Sara M [VerfasserIn]
Rizzo, William B [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

Bile acid
DHCR7
Intellectual disability
Journal Article
Malformations
Oxysterol

Anmerkungen:

Date Revised 10.02.2024

published: Electronic-eCollection

Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE

doi:

10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.101030

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM365687693