Vegetable and Fruit Intake Variety and Cardiovascular Health and Mortality : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
INTRODUCTION: A multitude of evidence supports the consumption of a higher quantity of vegetables and fruits for their cardiovascular benefits. Nonetheless, the extent to which variety is associated with cardiovascular health remains unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies (prospective cohort and cross-sectional studies) assessing the role of a variety of vegetable and fruit consumption in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adults.
DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE-PubMed, Cochrane databases, and reference lists were searched through March 2023.
DATA EXTRACTION: Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale).
DATA ANALYSIS: Data were pooled (fixed and random [DerSimonian and Laird] effects for <5 and ≥5 study comparisons, respectively), and heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q statistic and quantified (I2 statistic). The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the overall certainty of the evidence. Five cross-sectional (n = 45,761) and seven prospective studies (n = 253,422) met the eligibility criteria. Greater variety of vegetable and fruit consumption was prospectively related to decreased all-cause mortality (risk ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.82-0.97], seven study comparisons, n = 196,925), while no significant associations were observed with assessed cardiovascular-related mortality or morbidity. For all outcomes, the certainty of the evidence was graded as "low" or "very low" owing to inconsistency and/or imprecision.
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this study shows that greater variety in vegetable and fruit consumption may reduce all-cause mortality and highlights the need for additional studies with a higher degree of evidence to better understand its role in cardiovascular health.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:15 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Nutrients - 15(2023), 23 vom: 24. Nov. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Nishi, Stephanie K [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Cardiovascular disease |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 05.02.2024 Date Revised 05.02.2024 published: Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3390/nu15234913 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 520 | |a INTRODUCTION: A multitude of evidence supports the consumption of a higher quantity of vegetables and fruits for their cardiovascular benefits. Nonetheless, the extent to which variety is associated with cardiovascular health remains unclear | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies (prospective cohort and cross-sectional studies) assessing the role of a variety of vegetable and fruit consumption in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in adults | ||
| 520 | |a DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE-PubMed, Cochrane databases, and reference lists were searched through March 2023 | ||
| 520 | |a DATA EXTRACTION: Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) | ||
| 520 | |a DATA ANALYSIS: Data were pooled (fixed and random [DerSimonian and Laird] effects for <5 and ≥5 study comparisons, respectively), and heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q statistic and quantified (I2 statistic). The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the overall certainty of the evidence. Five cross-sectional (n = 45,761) and seven prospective studies (n = 253,422) met the eligibility criteria. Greater variety of vegetable and fruit consumption was prospectively related to decreased all-cause mortality (risk ratio, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.82-0.97], seven study comparisons, n = 196,925), while no significant associations were observed with assessed cardiovascular-related mortality or morbidity. For all outcomes, the certainty of the evidence was graded as "low" or "very low" owing to inconsistency and/or imprecision | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this study shows that greater variety in vegetable and fruit consumption may reduce all-cause mortality and highlights the need for additional studies with a higher degree of evidence to better understand its role in cardiovascular health | ||
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