Regulation of vascular angiotensin II type 1 and type 2 receptor and angiotensin-(1-7)/MasR signaling in normal and hypertensive pregnancy

Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..

Normal pregnancy (Norm-Preg) is associated with a slight reduction in blood pressure (BP) and decreased BP response to vasoconstrictor stimuli such as angiotensin II (Ang II), although the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is upregulated. Preeclampsia (PE) is a complication of pregnancy manifested as hypertension-in-pregnancy (HTN-Preg), and dysregulation of angiotensin biosynthesis and signaling have been implicated. Ang II activates vascular Ang II type-1 receptor (AT1R) and Ang II type-2 receptor (AT2R), while angiotensin-(1-7) promotes Ang-(1-7)/MasR signaling. The role of AT1R in vasoconstriction and the activated cellular mechanisms are well-characterized. The sensitivity of vascular AT1R to Ang II and consequent activation of vasoconstrictor mechanisms decrease during Norm-Preg, but dramatically increase in HTN-Preg. Placental ischemia in late pregnancy could also initiate the release of AT1R agonistic autoantibodies (AT1AA) with significant impact on endothelial dysfunction and activation of contraction pathways in vascular smooth muscle including [Ca2+]c and protein kinase C. On the other hand, the role of AT2R and Ang-(1-7)/MasR in vascular relaxation, particularly during Norm-Preg and PE, is less clear. During Norm-Preg, increases in the expression/activity of vascular AT2R and Ang-(1-7)/MasR promote the production of endothelium-derived relaxing factors such as nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor leading to generalized vasodilation. Aortic segments of Preg rats show prominent endothelial AT2R staining and increased relaxation and NO production in response to AT2R agonist CGP42112A, and treatment with AT2R antagonist PD123319 enhances phenylephrine-induced contraction. Decreased vascular AT2R and Ang-(1-7)/MasR expression and receptor-mediated mechanisms of vascular relaxation have been suggested in HTN-Preg animal models, but their role in human PE needs further testing. Changes in angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) have been observed in COVID-19 patients, and whether ACE2 influences the course of COVID-19 viral infection/immunity in Norm-Preg and PE is an intriguing area for research.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2024

Erschienen:

2024

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:220

Enthalten in:

Biochemical pharmacology - 220(2024) vom: 06. Feb., Seite 115963

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Clark, Caroline R [VerfasserIn]
Khalil, Raouf A [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

11128-99-7
9041-90-1
Angiotensin I
Angiotensin I (1-7)
Angiotensin II
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
Biological Factors
Blood pressure
EC 3.4.17.23
Endothelium
Endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factor
Hypertension
IJ3FUK8MOF
Journal Article
MAS1 protein, human
Nitric oxide
Peptide Fragments
Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2
Renin-angiotensin system
Review
Vascular smooth muscle
Vasoconstrictor Agents

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 01.02.2024

Date Revised 13.02.2024

published: Print-Electronic

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115963

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM365523070