Chemical Composition of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Its Inhibitory Effects on SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-ACE2 Interaction and ACE2 Activity and Free Radical Scavenging Capacities
This study evaluated the chemical composition of rosemary water extract (RWE) and its influence on mechanisms by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus enters into cells as a potential route for reducing the risk of COVID-19 disease. Compounds in RWE were identified using UHPLC-MS/MS. The inhibitory effect of RWE was then evaluated on binding between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-protein) and ACE2 and separately on ACE2 activity/availability. Additionally, total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging capacities of RWE against HO•, ABTS•+, and DPPH• were assessed. Twenty-one compounds were tentatively identified in RWE, of which tuberonic acid hexoside was identified for the first time in rosemary. RWE dose of 33.3 mg of rosemary equivalents (RE)/mL suppressed the interaction between S-protein and ACE2 by 72.9%, while rosmarinic and caffeic acids at 3.3 μmol/mL suppressed the interaction by 36 and 55%, respectively. RWE at 5.0, 2.5, and 0.5 mg of RE/mL inhibited ACE2 activity by 99.5, 94.5, and 68.6%, respectively, while rosmarinic acid at 0.05 and 0.01 μmol/mL reduced ACE2 activity by 31 and 8%, respectively. RWE had a TPC value of 72.5 mg GAE/g. The results provide a mechanistic basis on which rosemary may reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of COVID-19.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
|---|
| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
|---|---|
| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:71 |
|---|---|
| Enthalten in: |
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry - 71(2023), 48 vom: 06. Dez., Seite 18735-18745 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
|---|
| Beteiligte Personen: |
Yao, Yuanhang [VerfasserIn] |
|---|
| Links: |
|---|
| Themen: |
ACE2 |
|---|
| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 07.12.2023 Date Revised 07.12.2023 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
|---|
| doi: |
10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02301 |
|---|
| funding: |
|
|---|---|
| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
|
| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM364799889 |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000naa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | NLM364799889 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20231226100215.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 231226s2023 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02301 |2 doi | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a pubmed24n1215.xml |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)NLM364799889 | ||
| 035 | |a (NLM)37988686 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Yao, Yuanhang |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chemical Composition of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Its Inhibitory Effects on SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-ACE2 Interaction and ACE2 Activity and Free Radical Scavenging Capacities |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2023 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ƒaComputermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a ƒa Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Date Completed 07.12.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 07.12.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a This study evaluated the chemical composition of rosemary water extract (RWE) and its influence on mechanisms by which the SARS-CoV-2 virus enters into cells as a potential route for reducing the risk of COVID-19 disease. Compounds in RWE were identified using UHPLC-MS/MS. The inhibitory effect of RWE was then evaluated on binding between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-protein) and ACE2 and separately on ACE2 activity/availability. Additionally, total phenolic content (TPC) and free radical scavenging capacities of RWE against HO•, ABTS•+, and DPPH• were assessed. Twenty-one compounds were tentatively identified in RWE, of which tuberonic acid hexoside was identified for the first time in rosemary. RWE dose of 33.3 mg of rosemary equivalents (RE)/mL suppressed the interaction between S-protein and ACE2 by 72.9%, while rosmarinic and caffeic acids at 3.3 μmol/mL suppressed the interaction by 36 and 55%, respectively. RWE at 5.0, 2.5, and 0.5 mg of RE/mL inhibited ACE2 activity by 99.5, 94.5, and 68.6%, respectively, while rosmarinic acid at 0.05 and 0.01 μmol/mL reduced ACE2 activity by 31 and 8%, respectively. RWE had a TPC value of 72.5 mg GAE/g. The results provide a mechanistic basis on which rosemary may reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of COVID-19 | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a ACE2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rosemary | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a UHPLC-MS | |
| 650 | 4 | |a antioxidant | |
| 650 | 4 | |a spike protein | |
| 650 | 7 | |a spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a EC 3.4.17.23 |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Phenols |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Free Radicals |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Choe, Uyory |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Li, Yanfang |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Liu, Zhihao |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zeng, Melody |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Thomas T Y |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sun, Jianghao |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wu, Xianli |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pehrsson, Pamela |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a He, Xiaohua |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Yaqiong |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gao, Boyan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Moore, Jeffrey C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Chen, Pei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Slavin, Margaret |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yu, Liangli Lucy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Journal of agricultural and food chemistry |d 1967 |g 71(2023), 48 vom: 06. Dez., Seite 18735-18745 |w (DE-627)NLM000005665 |x 1520-5118 |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:71 |g year:2023 |g number:48 |g day:06 |g month:12 |g pages:18735-18745 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02301 |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_NLM | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 71 |j 2023 |e 48 |b 06 |c 12 |h 18735-18745 | ||