Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Influenza-A-Associated Urgent Care, Emergency Department, and Hospital Encounters During the 2022-2023 Season : VISION Network

Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America 2023..

BACKGROUND: During the 2022-2023 influenza season, the United States experienced the highest influenza-associated pediatric hospitalization rate since 2010-2011. Influenza A/H3N2 infections were predominant.

METHODS: We analyzed acute respiratory illness (ARI)-associated emergency department or urgent care (ED/UC) encounters or hospitalizations at 3 health systems among children and adolescents aged 6 months-17 years who had influenza molecular testing during October 2022-March 2023. We estimated influenza A vaccine effectiveness (VE) using a test-negative approach. The odds of vaccination among influenza-A-positive cases and influenza-negative controls were compared after adjusting for confounders and applying inverse-propensity-to-be-vaccinated weights. We developed overall and age-stratified VE models.

RESULTS: Overall, 13 547 of 44 787 (30.2%) eligible ED/UC encounters and 263 of 1862 (14.1%) hospitalizations were influenza-A-positive cases. Among ED/UC patients, 15.2% of influenza-positive versus 27.1% of influenza-negative patients were vaccinated; VE was 48% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44-52%) overall, 53% (95% CI, 47-58%) among children aged 6 months-4 years, and 38% (95% CI, 30-45%) among those aged 9-17 years. Among hospitalizations, 17.5% of influenza-positive versus 33.4% of influenza-negative patients were vaccinated; VE was 40% (95% CI, 6-61%) overall, 56% (95% CI, 23-75%) among children ages 6 months-4 years, and 46% (95% CI, 2-70%) among those 5-17 years.

CONCLUSIONS: During the 2022-2023 influenza season, vaccination reduced the risk of influenza-associated ED/UC encounters and hospitalizations by almost half (overall VE, 40-48%). Influenza vaccination is a critical tool to prevent moderate-to-severe influenza illness in children and adolescents.

Medienart:

E-Artikel

Erscheinungsjahr:

2024

Erschienen:

2024

Enthalten in:

Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:78

Enthalten in:

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America - 78(2024), 3 vom: 20. März, Seite 746-755

Sprache:

Englisch

Beteiligte Personen:

Adams, Katherine [VerfasserIn]
Weber, Zachary A [VerfasserIn]
Yang, Duck-Hye [VerfasserIn]
Klein, Nicola P [VerfasserIn]
DeSilva, Malini B [VerfasserIn]
Dascomb, Kristin [VerfasserIn]
Irving, Stephanie A [VerfasserIn]
Naleway, Allison L [VerfasserIn]
Rao, Suchitra [VerfasserIn]
Gaglani, Manjusha [VerfasserIn]
Flannery, Brendan [VerfasserIn]
Garg, Shikha [VerfasserIn]
Kharbanda, Anupam B [VerfasserIn]
Grannis, Shaun J [VerfasserIn]
Ong, Toan C [VerfasserIn]
Embi, Peter J [VerfasserIn]
Natarajan, Karthik [VerfasserIn]
Fireman, Bruce [VerfasserIn]
Zerbo, Ousseny [VerfasserIn]
Goddard, Kristin [VerfasserIn]
Timbol, Julius [VerfasserIn]
Hansen, John R [VerfasserIn]
Grisel, Nancy [VerfasserIn]
Arndorfer, Julie [VerfasserIn]
Ball, Sarah W [VerfasserIn]
Dunne, Margaret M [VerfasserIn]
Kirshner, Lindsey [VerfasserIn]
Chung, Jessie R [VerfasserIn]
Tenforde, Mark W [VerfasserIn]

Links:

Volltext

Themen:

Influenza
Influenza Vaccines
Journal Article
Pediatric
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Test-negative design
Vaccine effectiveness

Anmerkungen:

Date Completed 22.03.2024

Date Revised 29.03.2024

published: Print

Citation Status MEDLINE

doi:

10.1093/cid/ciad704

funding:

Förderinstitution / Projekttitel:

PPN (Katalog-ID):

NLM364638591