Associations Between Polygenic Scores for Cognitive and Non-cognitive Factors of Educational Attainment and Measures of Behavior, Psychopathology, and Neuroimaging in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study
Background: Both cognitive and non-cognitive (e.g., traits like curiosity) factors are critical for social and emotional functioning and independently predict educational attainment. These factors are heritable and genetically correlated with a range of health-relevant traits and behaviors in adulthood (e.g., risk-taking, psychopathology). However, whether these associations are present during adolescence, and to what extent these relationships diverge, could have implications for adolescent health and well-being.
Methods: Using data from 5,517 youth of European ancestry from the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study, we examined associations between polygenic scores (PGS) for cognitive and non-cognitive factors and outcomes related to cognition, socioeconomic status, risk tolerance and decision-making, substance initiation, psychopathology, and brain structure.
Results: Cognitive and non-cognitive PGSs were both positively associated with cognitive performance and family income, and negatively associated with ADHD and severity of psychotic-like experiences. The cognitive PGS was also associated with greater risk-taking, delayed discounting, and anorexia, as well as lower likelihood of nicotine initiation. The cognitive PGS was further associated with cognition scores and anorexia in within-sibling analyses, suggesting these results do not solely reflect the effects of assortative mating or passive gene-environment correlations. The cognitive PGS showed significantly stronger associations with cortical volumes than the non-cognitive PGS and was associated with right hemisphere caudal anterior cingulate and pars-orbitalis in within-sibling analyses, while the non-cognitive PGS showed stronger associations with white matter fractional anisotropy and a significant within-sibling association for right superior corticostriate-frontal cortex.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PGSs for cognitive and non-cognitive factors show similar associations with cognition and socioeconomic status as well as other psychosocial outcomes, but distinct associations with regional neural phenotypes in this adolescent sample.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - year:2023 |
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| Enthalten in: |
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences - (2023) vom: 28. Okt. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Gorelik, Aaron J [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Academic achievement |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 10.02.2024 published: Electronic Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1101/2023.10.27.23297675 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM364533544 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Gorelik, Aaron J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Associations Between Polygenic Scores for Cognitive and Non-cognitive Factors of Educational Attainment and Measures of Behavior, Psychopathology, and Neuroimaging in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2023 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 10.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Electronic | ||
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| 520 | |a Background: Both cognitive and non-cognitive (e.g., traits like curiosity) factors are critical for social and emotional functioning and independently predict educational attainment. These factors are heritable and genetically correlated with a range of health-relevant traits and behaviors in adulthood (e.g., risk-taking, psychopathology). However, whether these associations are present during adolescence, and to what extent these relationships diverge, could have implications for adolescent health and well-being | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: Using data from 5,517 youth of European ancestry from the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive DevelopmentSM Study, we examined associations between polygenic scores (PGS) for cognitive and non-cognitive factors and outcomes related to cognition, socioeconomic status, risk tolerance and decision-making, substance initiation, psychopathology, and brain structure | ||
| 520 | |a Results: Cognitive and non-cognitive PGSs were both positively associated with cognitive performance and family income, and negatively associated with ADHD and severity of psychotic-like experiences. The cognitive PGS was also associated with greater risk-taking, delayed discounting, and anorexia, as well as lower likelihood of nicotine initiation. The cognitive PGS was further associated with cognition scores and anorexia in within-sibling analyses, suggesting these results do not solely reflect the effects of assortative mating or passive gene-environment correlations. The cognitive PGS showed significantly stronger associations with cortical volumes than the non-cognitive PGS and was associated with right hemisphere caudal anterior cingulate and pars-orbitalis in within-sibling analyses, while the non-cognitive PGS showed stronger associations with white matter fractional anisotropy and a significant within-sibling association for right superior corticostriate-frontal cortex | ||
| 520 | |a Conclusions: Our findings suggest that PGSs for cognitive and non-cognitive factors show similar associations with cognition and socioeconomic status as well as other psychosocial outcomes, but distinct associations with regional neural phenotypes in this adolescent sample | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Preprint | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cognitive performance | |
| 650 | 4 | |a academic achievement | |
| 650 | 4 | |a educational attainment | |
| 650 | 4 | |a middle childhood | |
| 650 | 4 | |a neuroimaging | |
| 650 | 4 | |a polygenic scores | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Paul, Sarah E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Miller, Alex P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Baranger, David A A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lin, Shuyu |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Wei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Elsayed, Nourhan M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Modi, Hailey |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Addala, Pooja |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bijsterbosch, Janine |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Barch, Deanna M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Karcher, Nicole R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hatoum, Alexander S |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Agrawal, Arpana |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bogdan, Ryan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Johnson, Emma C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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