Protection from infection and reinfection due to the Omicron BA.1 variant in care homes
Copyright © 2023 Choudhry, Rowland, McClelland, Renz, Iyanger, Chow, Aiano, Ladhani, Jeffery-Smith, Andrews and Zambon..
Introduction: Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2020, care homes were disproportionately impacted by high mortality and morbidity of vulnerable elderly residents. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and improved infection control measures together with vaccination campaigns have since improved outcomes of infection. We studied the utility of past infection status, recent vaccination and anti-S antibody titres as possible correlates of protection against a newly emergent Omicron variant infection.
Methods: Prospective longitudinal surveillance of nine sentinel London care homes from April 2020 onwards found that all experienced COVID-19 outbreaks due to Omicron (BA.1) during December 2021 and January 2022, despite extensive prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure and high COVID-19 vaccination rates, including booster vaccines (>70% residents, >40% staff).
Results: Detailed investigation showed that 46% (133/288) of Omicron BA.1 infections were SARS-CoV-2 reinfections. Two and three COVID-19 vaccine doses were protective against Omicron infection within 2-9 weeks of vaccination, though protection waned from 10 weeks post-vaccination. Prior infection provided additional protection in vaccinated individuals, approximately halving the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Discussion: Anti-S antibody titre showed a dose-dependent protective effect but did not fully account for the protection provided by vaccination or past infection, indicating that other mechanisms of protection are also involved.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:14 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Frontiers in immunology - 14(2023) vom: 31., Seite 1186134 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Choudhry, Saher [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Antibodies |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 09.11.2023 Date Revised 09.11.2023 published: Electronic-eCollection Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3389/fimmu.2023.1186134 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM364284536 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Protection from infection and reinfection due to the Omicron BA.1 variant in care homes |
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| 520 | |a Copyright © 2023 Choudhry, Rowland, McClelland, Renz, Iyanger, Chow, Aiano, Ladhani, Jeffery-Smith, Andrews and Zambon. | ||
| 520 | |a Introduction: Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in 2020, care homes were disproportionately impacted by high mortality and morbidity of vulnerable elderly residents. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and improved infection control measures together with vaccination campaigns have since improved outcomes of infection. We studied the utility of past infection status, recent vaccination and anti-S antibody titres as possible correlates of protection against a newly emergent Omicron variant infection | ||
| 520 | |a Methods: Prospective longitudinal surveillance of nine sentinel London care homes from April 2020 onwards found that all experienced COVID-19 outbreaks due to Omicron (BA.1) during December 2021 and January 2022, despite extensive prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure and high COVID-19 vaccination rates, including booster vaccines (>70% residents, >40% staff) | ||
| 520 | |a Results: Detailed investigation showed that 46% (133/288) of Omicron BA.1 infections were SARS-CoV-2 reinfections. Two and three COVID-19 vaccine doses were protective against Omicron infection within 2-9 weeks of vaccination, though protection waned from 10 weeks post-vaccination. Prior infection provided additional protection in vaccinated individuals, approximately halving the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection | ||
| 520 | |a Discussion: Anti-S antibody titre showed a dose-dependent protective effect but did not fully account for the protection provided by vaccination or past infection, indicating that other mechanisms of protection are also involved | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Omicron (BA1) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a care homes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a correlate of protection | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Rowland, Thomas A J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a McClelland, Kamil |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Renz, Erik |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Iyanger, Nalini |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Chow, J Yimmy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Aiano, Felicity |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ladhani, Shamez N |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jeffery-Smith, Anna |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Andrews, Nick J |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zambon, Maria |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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