Revaccination of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis without an initial COVID-19 vaccine response elicits seroconversion in half of the patients
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of COVID-19 mRNA revaccination (two doses) on the antibody response in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD) who were initial vaccine non-responders. Further, to examine if B-cell levels or T-cell responses before revaccination predicted seroconversion.
METHODS: From a RD cohort vaccinated with the standard two-dose COVID-19 vaccinations, we enrolled cases without detectable antibody responses (n=17) and controls with detectable antibody response (n=29). Blood donors (n=32) were included as additional controls. Samples were collected before and six weeks after completed revaccination. Total antibodies and specific IgG, IgA, and IgM against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibodies, and SARS-CoV-2 reacting CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were measured before and after revaccination. B-cells (CD19+CD45+) were quantified before revaccination.
RESULTS: Forty-seven percent of cases had detectable neutralising antibodies after revaccination. However, antibody levels were significantly lower than in controls and blood donors. Revaccination induced an antibody class switch in cases with a decrease in IgM and increase in IgG. No significant difference was observed in T-cell responses before and after revaccination between the three groups. Only 29% of cases had measurable B-cells compared to 100% of controls and blood donors. Fifty percent of revaccinated cases who seroconverted had measurable B-cells before revaccination.
CONCLUSIONS: Forty-seven percent of initial non-responders seroconverted after two-dose revaccination but still had lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies compared with controls and blood donors. RD patients without a detectable serological response after the initial COVID-19 mRNA vaccine had a T-cell response similar to immunocompetent controls and blood donors.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:42 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Clinical and experimental rheumatology - 42(2024), 1 vom: 02. Jan., Seite 157-165 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Ammitzbøll, Christian [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Antibodies, Neutralizing |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 05.02.2024 Date Revised 05.02.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.55563/clinexprheumatol/orpp04 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM363696571 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Ammitzbøll, Christian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Revaccination of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis without an initial COVID-19 vaccine response elicits seroconversion in half of the patients |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 05.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of COVID-19 mRNA revaccination (two doses) on the antibody response in patients with rheumatic diseases (RD) who were initial vaccine non-responders. Further, to examine if B-cell levels or T-cell responses before revaccination predicted seroconversion | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: From a RD cohort vaccinated with the standard two-dose COVID-19 vaccinations, we enrolled cases without detectable antibody responses (n=17) and controls with detectable antibody response (n=29). Blood donors (n=32) were included as additional controls. Samples were collected before and six weeks after completed revaccination. Total antibodies and specific IgG, IgA, and IgM against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibodies, and SARS-CoV-2 reacting CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells were measured before and after revaccination. B-cells (CD19+CD45+) were quantified before revaccination | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Forty-seven percent of cases had detectable neutralising antibodies after revaccination. However, antibody levels were significantly lower than in controls and blood donors. Revaccination induced an antibody class switch in cases with a decrease in IgM and increase in IgG. No significant difference was observed in T-cell responses before and after revaccination between the three groups. Only 29% of cases had measurable B-cells compared to 100% of controls and blood donors. Fifty percent of revaccinated cases who seroconverted had measurable B-cells before revaccination | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Forty-seven percent of initial non-responders seroconverted after two-dose revaccination but still had lower levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies compared with controls and blood donors. RD patients without a detectable serological response after the initial COVID-19 mRNA vaccine had a T-cell response similar to immunocompetent controls and blood donors | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 7 | |a COVID-19 Vaccines |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Antibodies, Viral |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Antibodies, Neutralizing |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Immunoglobulin G |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Immunoglobulin M |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Thomsen, Marianne Kragh |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Andersen, Jakob Bøgh |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jensen, Jens Magnus Bernth |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bayarri-Olmos, Rafael |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Garred, Peter |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hermansen, Marie-Louise From |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Johannsen, Anders Dahl |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Larsen, Mads Lamm |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mistegaard, Clara Elbæk |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mikkelsen, Susan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nielsen, Lena |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Olesen, Rikke |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pérez-Alós, Laura |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Vils, Signe Risbøl |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Szabados, Fruzsina |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Søgaard, Ole Schmeltz |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tolstrup, Martin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Erikstrup, Christian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hauge, Ellen-Margrethe |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Troldborg, Anne |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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