Symptom prevalence and secondary attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in rural Kenyan households : A prospective cohort study
© 2023 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd..
BACKGROUND: We estimated the secondary attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 among household contacts of PCR-confirmed cases of COVID-19 in rural Kenya and analysed risk factors for transmission.
METHODS: We enrolled incident PCR-confirmed cases and their household members. At baseline, a questionnaire, a blood sample, and naso-oropharyngeal swabs were collected. Household members were followed 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days after the date of the first PCR-positive in the household; naso-oropharyngeal swabs were collected at each visit and used to define secondary cases. Blood samples were collected every 1-2 weeks. Symptoms were collected in a daily symptom diary. We used binomial regression to estimate secondary attack rates and survival analysis to analyse risk factors for transmission.
RESULTS: A total of 119 households with at least one positive household member were enrolled between October 2020 and September 2022, comprising 503 household members; 226 remained in follow-up at day 14 (45%). A total of 43 secondary cases arose within 14 days of identification of the primary case, and 81 household members remained negative. The 7-day secondary attack rate was 4% (95% CI 1%-10%), the 14-day secondary attack rate was 28% (95% CI 17%-40%). Of 38 secondary cases with data, eight reported symptoms (21%, 95% CI 8%-34%). Antibody to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at enrolment was not associated with risk of becoming a secondary case.
CONCLUSION: Households in our setting experienced a lower 7-day attack rate than a recent meta-analysis indicated as the global average (23%-43% depending on variant), and infection is mostly asymptomatic in our setting.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:17 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Influenza and other respiratory viruses - 17(2023), 9 vom: 01. Sept., Seite e13185 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Gallagher, Katherine E [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Household transmission |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 19.02.2024 Date Revised 19.02.2024 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1111/irv.13185 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM362484015 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Gallagher, Katherine E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Symptom prevalence and secondary attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in rural Kenyan households |b A prospective cohort study |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2023 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 19.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 19.02.2024 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2023 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: We estimated the secondary attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 among household contacts of PCR-confirmed cases of COVID-19 in rural Kenya and analysed risk factors for transmission | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We enrolled incident PCR-confirmed cases and their household members. At baseline, a questionnaire, a blood sample, and naso-oropharyngeal swabs were collected. Household members were followed 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days after the date of the first PCR-positive in the household; naso-oropharyngeal swabs were collected at each visit and used to define secondary cases. Blood samples were collected every 1-2 weeks. Symptoms were collected in a daily symptom diary. We used binomial regression to estimate secondary attack rates and survival analysis to analyse risk factors for transmission | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: A total of 119 households with at least one positive household member were enrolled between October 2020 and September 2022, comprising 503 household members; 226 remained in follow-up at day 14 (45%). A total of 43 secondary cases arose within 14 days of identification of the primary case, and 81 household members remained negative. The 7-day secondary attack rate was 4% (95% CI 1%-10%), the 14-day secondary attack rate was 28% (95% CI 17%-40%). Of 38 secondary cases with data, eight reported symptoms (21%, 95% CI 8%-34%). Antibody to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein at enrolment was not associated with risk of becoming a secondary case | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: Households in our setting experienced a lower 7-day attack rate than a recent meta-analysis indicated as the global average (23%-43% depending on variant), and infection is mostly asymptomatic in our setting | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a SARS-CoV-2 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a household transmission | |
| 650 | 4 | |a longitudinal cohort | |
| 650 | 4 | |a seroprevalence | |
| 650 | 7 | |a spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nyiro, Joyce |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Agoti, Charles N |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Maitha, Eric |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nyagwange, James |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Karani, Angela |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bottomley, Christian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Murunga, Nickson |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Githinji, George |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Mutunga, Martin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ochola-Oyier, Lynette Isabella |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kombe, Ivy |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nyaguara, Amek |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kagucia, E Wangeci |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Warimwe, George |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Agweyu, Ambrose |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tsofa, Benjamin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Scott, J Anthony G |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nokes, David James |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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