Genome structure and population genomics of the canine heartworm Dirofilaria immitis
Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved..
The heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, is a filarial parasitic nematode responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in wild and domesticated canids. Resistance to macrocyclic lactone drug prevention represents a significant threat to parasite control and has prompted investigations to understand the genetic determinants of resistance. This study aimed to improve the genomic resources of D. immitis to enable a more precise understanding of how genetic variation is distributed within and between parasite populations worldwide, which will inform the likelihood and rate by which parasites, and in turn, resistant alleles, might spread. We have guided the scaffolding of a recently published genome assembly for D. immitis (ICBAS_JMDir_1.0) using the chromosomal-scale reference genomes of Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus, resulting in an 89.5 Mb assembly composed of four autosomal- and one sex-linked chromosomal-scale scaffolds representing 99.7% of the genome. Publicly available and new whole-genome sequencing data from 32 D. immitis samples from Australia, Italy and the USA were assessed using principal component analysis, nucleotide diversity (Pi) and absolute genetic divergence (Dxy) to characterise the global genetic structure and measure within- and between-population diversity. These population genetic analyses revealed broad-scale genetic structure among globally diverse samples and differences in genetic diversity between populations; however, fine-scale subpopulation analysis was limited and biased by differences between sample types. Finally, we mapped single nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with macrocyclic lactone resistance in the new genome assembly, revealing the physical linkage of high-priority variants on chromosome 3, and determined their frequency in the studied populations. This new chromosomal assembly for D. immitis now allows for a more precise investigation of selection on genome-wide genetic variation and will enhance our understanding of parasite transmission and the spread of genetic variants responsible for resistance to treatment.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:54 |
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| Enthalten in: |
International journal for parasitology - 54(2024), 2 vom: 26. Feb., Seite 89-98 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Gandasegui, Javier [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Anthelmintic resistance |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 23.01.2024 Date Revised 28.02.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.ijpara.2023.07.006 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 520 | |a The heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis, is a filarial parasitic nematode responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in wild and domesticated canids. Resistance to macrocyclic lactone drug prevention represents a significant threat to parasite control and has prompted investigations to understand the genetic determinants of resistance. This study aimed to improve the genomic resources of D. immitis to enable a more precise understanding of how genetic variation is distributed within and between parasite populations worldwide, which will inform the likelihood and rate by which parasites, and in turn, resistant alleles, might spread. We have guided the scaffolding of a recently published genome assembly for D. immitis (ICBAS_JMDir_1.0) using the chromosomal-scale reference genomes of Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus, resulting in an 89.5 Mb assembly composed of four autosomal- and one sex-linked chromosomal-scale scaffolds representing 99.7% of the genome. Publicly available and new whole-genome sequencing data from 32 D. immitis samples from Australia, Italy and the USA were assessed using principal component analysis, nucleotide diversity (Pi) and absolute genetic divergence (Dxy) to characterise the global genetic structure and measure within- and between-population diversity. These population genetic analyses revealed broad-scale genetic structure among globally diverse samples and differences in genetic diversity between populations; however, fine-scale subpopulation analysis was limited and biased by differences between sample types. Finally, we mapped single nucleotide polymorphisms previously associated with macrocyclic lactone resistance in the new genome assembly, revealing the physical linkage of high-priority variants on chromosome 3, and determined their frequency in the studied populations. This new chromosomal assembly for D. immitis now allows for a more precise investigation of selection on genome-wide genetic variation and will enhance our understanding of parasite transmission and the spread of genetic variants responsible for resistance to treatment | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Anthelmintic resistance | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Dirofilaria immitis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Genome assembly | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Population genomics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Whole-genome sequencing | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Power, Rosemonde I |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Curry, Emily |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lau, Daisy Ching-Wai |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a O'Neill, Connor M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wolstenholme, Adrian |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Prichard, Roger |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Šlapeta, Jan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Doyle, Stephen R |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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