Continued adaptation of A/H2N2 viruses during pandemic circulation in humans
Influenza A viruses of the H2N2 subtype sparked a pandemic in 1957 and circulated in humans until 1968. Because A/H2N2 viruses still circulate in wild birds worldwide and human population immunity is low, the transmissibility of six avian A/H2N2 viruses was investigated in the ferret model. None of the avian A/H2N2 viruses was transmitted between ferrets, suggesting that their pandemic risk may be low. The transmissibility, receptor binding preference and haemagglutinin (HA) stability of human A/H2N2 viruses were also investigated. Human A/H2N2 viruses from 1957 and 1958 bound to human-type α2,6-linked sialic acid receptors, but the 1958 virus had a more stable HA, indicating adaptation to replication and spread in the new host. This increased stability was caused by a previously unknown stability substitution G205S in the 1958 H2N2 HA, which became fixed in A/H2N2 viruses after 1958. Although individual substitutions were identified that affected the HA receptor binding and stability properties, they were not found to have a substantial effect on transmissibility of A/H2N2 viruses via the air in the ferret model. Our data demonstrate that A/H2N2 viruses continued to adapt during the first year of pandemic circulation in humans, similar to what was previously shown for the A/H1N1pdm09 virus.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:104 |
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| Enthalten in: |
The Journal of general virology - 104(2023), 8 vom: 21. Aug. |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Kutter, Jasmin S [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
A/H2N2 virus |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 01.09.2023 Date Revised 16.12.2023 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1099/jgv.0.001881 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 520 | |a Influenza A viruses of the H2N2 subtype sparked a pandemic in 1957 and circulated in humans until 1968. Because A/H2N2 viruses still circulate in wild birds worldwide and human population immunity is low, the transmissibility of six avian A/H2N2 viruses was investigated in the ferret model. None of the avian A/H2N2 viruses was transmitted between ferrets, suggesting that their pandemic risk may be low. The transmissibility, receptor binding preference and haemagglutinin (HA) stability of human A/H2N2 viruses were also investigated. Human A/H2N2 viruses from 1957 and 1958 bound to human-type α2,6-linked sialic acid receptors, but the 1958 virus had a more stable HA, indicating adaptation to replication and spread in the new host. This increased stability was caused by a previously unknown stability substitution G205S in the 1958 H2N2 HA, which became fixed in A/H2N2 viruses after 1958. Although individual substitutions were identified that affected the HA receptor binding and stability properties, they were not found to have a substantial effect on transmissibility of A/H2N2 viruses via the air in the ferret model. Our data demonstrate that A/H2N2 viruses continued to adapt during the first year of pandemic circulation in humans, similar to what was previously shown for the A/H1N1pdm09 virus | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a airborne transmissibility | |
| 650 | 4 | |a receptor specificity | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Linster, Martin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a de Meulder, Dennis |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bestebroer, Theo M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lexmond, Pascal |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rosu, Miruna E |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Richard, Mathilde |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a de Vries, Robert P |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fouchier, Ron A M |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Herfst, Sander |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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