Progressive loss of conserved spike protein neutralizing antibody sites in Omicron sublineages is balanced by preserved T cell immunity
Copyright © 2023 BioNTech SE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved..
Evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant has led to the emergence of sublineages with different patterns of neutralizing antibody evasion. We report that Omicron BA.4/BA.5 breakthrough infection of individuals immunized with SARS-CoV-2 wild-type-strain-based mRNA vaccines results in a boost of Omicron BA.4.6, BF.7, BQ.1.1, and BA.2.75 neutralization but does not efficiently boost BA.2.75.2, XBB, or XBB.1.5 neutralization. In silico analyses showed that the Omicron spike glycoprotein lost most neutralizing B cell epitopes, especially in sublineages BA.2.75.2, XBB, and XBB.1.5. In contrast, T cell epitopes are conserved across variants including XBB.1.5. T cell responses of mRNA-vaccinated, SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals against the wild-type strain, Omicron BA.1, and BA.4/BA.5 were comparable, suggesting that T cell immunity against recent sublineages including XBB.1.5 may remain largely unaffected. While some Omicron sublineages effectively evade B cell immunity, spike-protein-specific T cell immunity, due to the nature of polymorphic cell-mediated immune responses, may continue to contribute to prevention/limitation of severe COVID-19 manifestation.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:42 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Cell reports - 42(2023), 8 vom: 29. Aug., Seite 112888 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Muik, Alexander [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 04.09.2023 Date Revised 07.09.2023 published: Print-Electronic ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05004181, NCT04955626 Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112888 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Progressive loss of conserved spike protein neutralizing antibody sites in Omicron sublineages is balanced by preserved T cell immunity |
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| 500 | |a ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05004181, NCT04955626 | ||
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| 520 | |a Copyright © 2023 BioNTech SE. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. | ||
| 520 | |a Evolution of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant has led to the emergence of sublineages with different patterns of neutralizing antibody evasion. We report that Omicron BA.4/BA.5 breakthrough infection of individuals immunized with SARS-CoV-2 wild-type-strain-based mRNA vaccines results in a boost of Omicron BA.4.6, BF.7, BQ.1.1, and BA.2.75 neutralization but does not efficiently boost BA.2.75.2, XBB, or XBB.1.5 neutralization. In silico analyses showed that the Omicron spike glycoprotein lost most neutralizing B cell epitopes, especially in sublineages BA.2.75.2, XBB, and XBB.1.5. In contrast, T cell epitopes are conserved across variants including XBB.1.5. T cell responses of mRNA-vaccinated, SARS-CoV-2-naive individuals against the wild-type strain, Omicron BA.1, and BA.4/BA.5 were comparable, suggesting that T cell immunity against recent sublineages including XBB.1.5 may remain largely unaffected. While some Omicron sublineages effectively evade B cell immunity, spike-protein-specific T cell immunity, due to the nature of polymorphic cell-mediated immune responses, may continue to contribute to prevention/limitation of severe COVID-19 manifestation | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a CP: Immunology | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a T cell immunity | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Fu, Yunguan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Gordon, Jessica |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Grosser, Jessica |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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