The impact of hybrid immunity on immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in persons with multiple sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies
© 2023 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology..
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hybrid immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develops from a combination of natural infection and vaccine-generated immunity. Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have the potential to impact humoral and cellular immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection. The aims were to compare antibody and T-cell responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in persons with MS (pwMS) treated with different DMTs and to assess differences between naïvely vaccinated pwMS and pwMS with hybrid immunity vaccinated following a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.
METHODS: Antibody and T-cell responses were determined in pwMS at baseline and 4 and 12 weeks after the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in 143 pwMS with or without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The MS cohort comprised natalizumab (n = 22), dimethylfumarate (n = 23), fingolimod (n = 38), cladribine (n = 30), alemtuzumab (n = 17) and teriflunomide (n = 13) treated pwMS. Immunoglobulin G antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens were measured using a multiplex bead assay and FluoroSpot was used to assess T-cell responses (interferon γ and interleukin 13).
RESULTS: Humoral and T-cell responses to vaccination were comparable between naïvely vaccinated HCs and pwMS treated with natalizumab, dimethylfumarate, cladribine, alemtuzumab and teriflunomide, but were suppressed in fingolimod-treated pwMS. Both fingolimod-treated pwMS and HCs vaccinated following a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection had higher antibody levels 4 weeks after vaccination compared to naïvely vaccinated individuals. Antibody and interferon γ levels 12 weeks after vaccination were positively correlated with time from last treatment course of cladribine.
CONCLUSION: These findings are of relevance for infection risk mitigation and for vaccination strategies amongst pwMS undergoing DMT.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:30 |
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| Enthalten in: |
European journal of neurology - 30(2023), 12 vom: 06. Dez., Seite 3789-3798 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Rabenstein, Monika [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 10.11.2023 Date Revised 14.11.2023 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1111/ene.16015 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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NLM360223192 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Rabenstein, Monika |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 4 | |a The impact of hybrid immunity on immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in persons with multiple sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2023 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 10.11.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 14.11.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2023 The Authors. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology. | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hybrid immunity to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) develops from a combination of natural infection and vaccine-generated immunity. Multiple sclerosis (MS) disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have the potential to impact humoral and cellular immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infection. The aims were to compare antibody and T-cell responses after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in persons with MS (pwMS) treated with different DMTs and to assess differences between naïvely vaccinated pwMS and pwMS with hybrid immunity vaccinated following a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Antibody and T-cell responses were determined in pwMS at baseline and 4 and 12 weeks after the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in 143 pwMS with or without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The MS cohort comprised natalizumab (n = 22), dimethylfumarate (n = 23), fingolimod (n = 38), cladribine (n = 30), alemtuzumab (n = 17) and teriflunomide (n = 13) treated pwMS. Immunoglobulin G antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens were measured using a multiplex bead assay and FluoroSpot was used to assess T-cell responses (interferon γ and interleukin 13) | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Humoral and T-cell responses to vaccination were comparable between naïvely vaccinated HCs and pwMS treated with natalizumab, dimethylfumarate, cladribine, alemtuzumab and teriflunomide, but were suppressed in fingolimod-treated pwMS. Both fingolimod-treated pwMS and HCs vaccinated following a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection had higher antibody levels 4 weeks after vaccination compared to naïvely vaccinated individuals. Antibody and interferon γ levels 12 weeks after vaccination were positively correlated with time from last treatment course of cladribine | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: These findings are of relevance for infection risk mitigation and for vaccination strategies amongst pwMS undergoing DMT | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Högelin, Klara Asplund |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Malmeström, Clas |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Axelsson, Markus |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Brandt, Anne Frandsen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gafvelin, Guro |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Grönlund, Hans |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kockum, Ingrid |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Piehl, Fredrik |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lycke, Jan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Olsson, Tomas |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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