Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Kawasaki Disease-Evolution and Pathogenic Mechanisms
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis of childhood that affects the medium vessels with a special predilection to the involvement of coronary arteries. The major morbidity of this disease is due to coronary artery aneurysm, which occurs in about 25-30% of untreated cases. For decades now, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has consistently been shown to reduce the risk of CAAs to less than 5%. However, the mechanism of immunomodulation remains unclear. Several studies on the role of IVIg in the modulation of toll-like receptor pathways, autophagy, and apoptosis of the mononuclear phagocytic system, neutrophil extracellular trap, and dendritic cell modulation suggest a modulatory effect on the innate immune system. Similarly, certain studies have shown its effect on T-cell differentiation, cytokine release, and regulatory T-cell function. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory actions of IVIg in patients with Kawasaki disease. Furthermore, we provide a summary of the evidence regarding various infusion protocols and dosages utilized in the treatment of KD patients.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:13 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) - 13(2023), 14 vom: 11. Juli |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Nadig, Pallavi L [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Adaptive immunity |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Revised 31.07.2023 published: Electronic Citation Status PubMed-not-MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3390/diagnostics13142338 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM360099521 |
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| 520 | |a Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis of childhood that affects the medium vessels with a special predilection to the involvement of coronary arteries. The major morbidity of this disease is due to coronary artery aneurysm, which occurs in about 25-30% of untreated cases. For decades now, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has consistently been shown to reduce the risk of CAAs to less than 5%. However, the mechanism of immunomodulation remains unclear. Several studies on the role of IVIg in the modulation of toll-like receptor pathways, autophagy, and apoptosis of the mononuclear phagocytic system, neutrophil extracellular trap, and dendritic cell modulation suggest a modulatory effect on the innate immune system. Similarly, certain studies have shown its effect on T-cell differentiation, cytokine release, and regulatory T-cell function. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory actions of IVIg in patients with Kawasaki disease. Furthermore, we provide a summary of the evidence regarding various infusion protocols and dosages utilized in the treatment of KD patients | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Review | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a adaptive immunity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a coronary artery abnormalities | |
| 650 | 4 | |a innate immunity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a intravenous immunoglobulin | |
| 650 | 4 | |a pathogenesis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a treatment | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Pilania, Rakesh Kumar |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Sharma, Saniya |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Suri, Deepti |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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