ACE Inhibitors Improve Skeletal Muscle by Preserving Neuromuscular Junctions in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
BACKGROUND: Hypertension and skeletal muscle decline are common findings in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors preserve skeletal muscle and physical capacity; however, the driving mechanisms are poorly understood.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of ACE inhibitors on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) with relevance to skeletal muscle and physical capacity in AD patients and age-matched controls.
METHODS: We evaluated controls (n = 59) and three groups of AD patients, including normotensive (n = 51) and patients with hypertension taking ACE inhibitors (n = 53) or other anti-hypertensive medications (n = 49) at baseline and one year later. We measure plasma c-terminal agrin fragment-22 (CAF22) as a marker of NMJ degradation, handgrip strength (HGS), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) as markers of physical capacity.
RESULTS: At baseline AD patients demonstrated lower HGS and SPPB scores and higher CAF22 levels than controls, irrespective of the hypertension status (all p < 0.05). The use of ACE inhibitors was associated with higher HGS and relative maintenance of SPPB scores, gait speed, and plasma CAF22 levels. Conversely, other anti-hypertensive medications were associated with an unaltered HGS, reduced SPPB scores and elevated plasma CAF22 levels (both p < 0.05). We also found dynamic associations of CAF22 with HGS, gait speed, and SPPB in AD patients taking ACE inhibitors (all p < 0.05). These changes were associated with reduced oxidative stress in AD patients taking ACE inhibitors (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Altogether, ACE inhibitors are associated with higher HGS, preserved physical capacity, and the prevention of NMJ degradation in hypertensive AD patients.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:94 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD - 94(2023), 2 vom: 04., Seite 641-650 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Qaisar, Rizwan [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 25.07.2023 Date Revised 25.07.2023 published: Print Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.3233/JAD-230201 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM358361559 |
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| 500 | |a Date Revised 25.07.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a BACKGROUND: Hypertension and skeletal muscle decline are common findings in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors preserve skeletal muscle and physical capacity; however, the driving mechanisms are poorly understood | ||
| 520 | |a OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of ACE inhibitors on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) with relevance to skeletal muscle and physical capacity in AD patients and age-matched controls | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We evaluated controls (n = 59) and three groups of AD patients, including normotensive (n = 51) and patients with hypertension taking ACE inhibitors (n = 53) or other anti-hypertensive medications (n = 49) at baseline and one year later. We measure plasma c-terminal agrin fragment-22 (CAF22) as a marker of NMJ degradation, handgrip strength (HGS), and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) as markers of physical capacity | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: At baseline AD patients demonstrated lower HGS and SPPB scores and higher CAF22 levels than controls, irrespective of the hypertension status (all p < 0.05). The use of ACE inhibitors was associated with higher HGS and relative maintenance of SPPB scores, gait speed, and plasma CAF22 levels. Conversely, other anti-hypertensive medications were associated with an unaltered HGS, reduced SPPB scores and elevated plasma CAF22 levels (both p < 0.05). We also found dynamic associations of CAF22 with HGS, gait speed, and SPPB in AD patients taking ACE inhibitors (all p < 0.05). These changes were associated with reduced oxidative stress in AD patients taking ACE inhibitors (p < 0.05) | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSION: Altogether, ACE inhibitors are associated with higher HGS, preserved physical capacity, and the prevention of NMJ degradation in hypertensive AD patients | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't | |
| 650 | 4 | |a ACE inhibitors | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Alzheimer’s disease | |
| 650 | 4 | |a CAF22 | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Iqbal, M Shahid |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Alkahtani, Shaea A |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ahmad, Firdos |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kamli, Hossam |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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