Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve intestinal barrier integrity-albeit to a lesser degree than short-chain fatty acids : an exploratory analysis of the randomized controlled LIBRE trial
© 2023. The Author(s)..
PURPOSE: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with beneficial health effects, including gastrointestinal disorders. Preclinical studies suggest that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), found in Mediterranean foods like nuts and fish, improve intestinal barrier integrity. Here, we assessed possible effects of n-3 PUFAs on barrier integrity in a randomized controlled trial.
METHODS: We studied 68 women from the open-label LIBRE trial (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02087592) who followed either a Mediterranean diet (intervention group, IG) or a standard diet (control group, CG). Study visits comprised baseline, month 3, and month 12. Barrier integrity was assessed by plasma lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and fecal zonulin; fatty acids by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Median and interquartile ranges are shown.
RESULTS: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased the proportion of the n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (IG + 1.5% [0.9;2.5, p < 0.001]/ + 0.3% [- 0.1;0.9, p < 0.050] after 3/12 months; CG + 0.9% [0.5;1.6, p < 0.001]/ ± 0%) and decreased plasma LBP (IG - 0.3 µg/ml [- 0.6;0.1, p < 0.010]/ - 0.3 µg/ml [- 1.1; - 0.1, p < 0.001]; CG - 0.2 µg/ml [- 0.8; - 0.1, p < 0.001]/ ± 0 µg/ml) and fecal zonulin levels (IG - 76 ng/mg [- 164; - 12, p < 0.010]/ - 74 ng/mg [- 197;15, p < 0.001]; CG - 59 ng/mg [- 186;15, p < 0.050]/ + 10 ng/mg [- 117;24, p > 0.050]). Plasma DHA and LBP (R2: 0.14-0.42; all p < 0.070), as well as plasma DHA and fecal zonulin (R2: 0.18-0.48; all p < 0.050) were found to be inversely associated in bi- and multivariate analyses. Further multivariate analyses showed that the effect of DHA on barrier integrity was less pronounced than the effect of fecal short-chain fatty acids on barrier integrity.
CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that n-3 PUFAs can improve intestinal barrier integrity.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The trial was registered prospectively at ClinicalTrials.gov (reference: NCT02087592).
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2023 |
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| Erschienen: |
2023 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:62 |
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| Enthalten in: |
European journal of nutrition - 62(2023), 7 vom: 15. Okt., Seite 2779-2791 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Seethaler, Benjamin [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 31.08.2023 Date Revised 02.09.2023 published: Print-Electronic ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02087592 Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1007/s00394-023-03172-2 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| PPN (Katalog-ID): |
NLM358201780 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Seethaler, Benjamin |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve intestinal barrier integrity-albeit to a lesser degree than short-chain fatty acids |b an exploratory analysis of the randomized controlled LIBRE trial |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2023 | |
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| 500 | |a Date Completed 31.08.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a Date Revised 02.09.2023 | ||
| 500 | |a published: Print-Electronic | ||
| 500 | |a ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02087592 | ||
| 500 | |a Citation Status MEDLINE | ||
| 520 | |a © 2023. The Author(s). | ||
| 520 | |a PURPOSE: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with beneficial health effects, including gastrointestinal disorders. Preclinical studies suggest that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), found in Mediterranean foods like nuts and fish, improve intestinal barrier integrity. Here, we assessed possible effects of n-3 PUFAs on barrier integrity in a randomized controlled trial | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: We studied 68 women from the open-label LIBRE trial (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02087592) who followed either a Mediterranean diet (intervention group, IG) or a standard diet (control group, CG). Study visits comprised baseline, month 3, and month 12. Barrier integrity was assessed by plasma lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and fecal zonulin; fatty acids by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. Median and interquartile ranges are shown | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet increased the proportion of the n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (IG + 1.5% [0.9;2.5, p < 0.001]/ + 0.3% [- 0.1;0.9, p < 0.050] after 3/12 months; CG + 0.9% [0.5;1.6, p < 0.001]/ ± 0%) and decreased plasma LBP (IG - 0.3 µg/ml [- 0.6;0.1, p < 0.010]/ - 0.3 µg/ml [- 1.1; - 0.1, p < 0.001]; CG - 0.2 µg/ml [- 0.8; - 0.1, p < 0.001]/ ± 0 µg/ml) and fecal zonulin levels (IG - 76 ng/mg [- 164; - 12, p < 0.010]/ - 74 ng/mg [- 197;15, p < 0.001]; CG - 59 ng/mg [- 186;15, p < 0.050]/ + 10 ng/mg [- 117;24, p > 0.050]). Plasma DHA and LBP (R2: 0.14-0.42; all p < 0.070), as well as plasma DHA and fecal zonulin (R2: 0.18-0.48; all p < 0.050) were found to be inversely associated in bi- and multivariate analyses. Further multivariate analyses showed that the effect of DHA on barrier integrity was less pronounced than the effect of fecal short-chain fatty acids on barrier integrity | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that n-3 PUFAs can improve intestinal barrier integrity | ||
| 520 | |a TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The trial was registered prospectively at ClinicalTrials.gov (reference: NCT02087592) | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Randomized Controlled Trial | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Gut barrier | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Gut permeability | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Intestinal barrier | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mediterranean diet | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Omega 3 fatty acids | |
| 650 | 4 | |a PUFAs | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Fatty Acids, Omega-3 |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Docosahexaenoic Acids |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a 25167-62-8 |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Fatty Acids |2 NLM | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Fatty Acids, Volatile |2 NLM | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lehnert, Katja |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yahiaoui-Doktor, Maryam |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Basrai, Maryam |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Vetter, Walter |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kiechle, Marion |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bischoff, Stephan C |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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