Effect of cesarean section on the risk of autism spectrum disorders/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in offspring : a meta-analysis
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature..
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between cesarean section (CS) offspring and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
METHODS: Searching of the databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library) for studies on the relationship between mode of delivery and ASD/ADHD until August 2022. The primary outcome was the incidence of ASD/ADHD in the offspring.
RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 35 studies (12 cohort studies and 23 case-control studies). Statistical results showed a higher risk of ASD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, P < 0.001) and ADHD (OR = 1.11, P < 0.001) in CS offspring compared to the VD group. Partial subgroup analysis showed no difference in ASD risk between CS and VD offspring in sibling-matched groups (OR = 0.98, P = 0.625). The risk of ASD was higher in females (OR = 1.66, P = 0.003) than in males (OR = 1.17, P = 0.004) in the CS offspring compared with the VD group. There was no difference in the risk of ASD between CS under regional anesthesia group and VD group (OR = 1.07, P = 0.173). However, the risk of ASD was higher in the CS offspring under general anesthesia than in the VD offspring (OR = 1.62, P < 0.001). CS offspring developed autism (OR = 1.38, P = 0.011) and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (OR = 1.46, P = 0.004) had a higher risk than VD offspring, but there was no difference in Asperger syndrome (OR = 1.19, P = 0.115). Offspring born via CS had a higher incidence of ADHD in different subgroup analyses (sibling-matched, type of CS, and study design).
CONCLUSIONS: In this meta-analysis, CS was a risk factor for ASD/ADHD in offspring compared with VD.
| Medienart: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erscheinungsjahr: |
2024 |
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| Erschienen: |
2024 |
| Enthalten in: |
Zur Gesamtaufnahme - volume:309 |
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| Enthalten in: |
Archives of gynecology and obstetrics - 309(2024), 2 vom: 23. Feb., Seite 439-455 |
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
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| Beteiligte Personen: |
Chen, Meiling [VerfasserIn] |
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| Links: |
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| Themen: |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder |
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| Anmerkungen: |
Date Completed 26.01.2024 Date Revised 24.04.2024 published: Print-Electronic Citation Status MEDLINE |
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| doi: |
10.1007/s00404-023-07059-9 |
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| funding: |
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| Förderinstitution / Projekttitel: |
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| 520 | |a © 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. | ||
| 520 | |a PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between cesarean section (CS) offspring and autism spectrum disorders (ASD)/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | ||
| 520 | |a METHODS: Searching of the databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library) for studies on the relationship between mode of delivery and ASD/ADHD until August 2022. The primary outcome was the incidence of ASD/ADHD in the offspring | ||
| 520 | |a RESULTS: This meta-analysis included 35 studies (12 cohort studies and 23 case-control studies). Statistical results showed a higher risk of ASD (odds ratio (OR) = 1.25, P < 0.001) and ADHD (OR = 1.11, P < 0.001) in CS offspring compared to the VD group. Partial subgroup analysis showed no difference in ASD risk between CS and VD offspring in sibling-matched groups (OR = 0.98, P = 0.625). The risk of ASD was higher in females (OR = 1.66, P = 0.003) than in males (OR = 1.17, P = 0.004) in the CS offspring compared with the VD group. There was no difference in the risk of ASD between CS under regional anesthesia group and VD group (OR = 1.07, P = 0.173). However, the risk of ASD was higher in the CS offspring under general anesthesia than in the VD offspring (OR = 1.62, P < 0.001). CS offspring developed autism (OR = 1.38, P = 0.011) and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (OR = 1.46, P = 0.004) had a higher risk than VD offspring, but there was no difference in Asperger syndrome (OR = 1.19, P = 0.115). Offspring born via CS had a higher incidence of ADHD in different subgroup analyses (sibling-matched, type of CS, and study design) | ||
| 520 | |a CONCLUSIONS: In this meta-analysis, CS was a risk factor for ASD/ADHD in offspring compared with VD | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Journal Article | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Cesarean section | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Shentu, Haojie |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
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